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Received Nov 30, 2017; Revised Mar 25, 2018; Accepted Apr 4, 2018
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1. Introduction
Passive containment cooling system (PCS) is the significant characteristic of the third-generation nuclear power plants [1], which is different from the traditional nuclear power plants. It is known that the sloshing frequency of water is far less than structure frequency, so the long period components of seismic loadings could not be ignored in the analysis of water tank. Moreover, the influence of water tank on floor response spectra under seismic loadings should be considered emphatically. The dynamic characteristics of water tank should be studied to analyze the seismic response of nuclear island building accurately.
FSI effect is the key problem for dynamic analysis of water tank of nuclear island building. Related to the type of external loads, shape of container, and depth of liquid, the motion of free fluid surface may be simple planar, nonplanar, breaking, and so on [2–4]. Focused on the nonlinear sloshing in a rectangular tank, Faltinsen et al. [5, 6] studied the horizontal, vertical, and pitching motion. Moreover, the stable and unstable frequency domains of the planar resonant standing waves, the swirling waves, and the square-like resonant standing waves were researched. In the research on FSI effect of nuclear power plants, Lo Frano and Forasassi [7–9] did some research on liquid metal nuclear reactor considering the FSI effect subjected to seismic loads. Zhao et al. [10] used the Arbitrary Lagrange Eulerian (ALE) algorithm to simulate the seismic response of AP1000 shield building and studied the influence of water tank. The research showed that water tank could reduce the dynamic response of structure. Xu et al. [11] used the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and finite element method (FEM) coupling method to simulate the FSI. The research showed that the water tank could decrease the natural frequency and response of the shield building. Lu et al. [12] built a scaled elevated tank to investigate the seismic response of shield building under transient loadings. Moreover, numerical models were established and the numerical results of acceleration and displacement were in good...