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Abstract
Circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorders (CRSWDs) are characterized by disturbed sleep–wake patterns. We genotyped a PER3 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in 248 CRSWD individuals and 925 controls and found no significant association between the VNTR and CRSWDs or morningness–eveningness (diurnal) preferences in the Japanese population. Although the VNTR has been associated with circadian and sleep phenotypes in some other populations, the polymorphism may not be a universal genetic marker.
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1 Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
2 Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
3 Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
4 Yokohama Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychiatry, Medical Corporation Warakukai, Kanagawa, Japan
5 Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Yoyogi Sleep Disorder Center, Tokyo, Japan
6 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan