Abstract

Evolution of novel traits is a challenging subject in biological research. Several snake lineages developed elaborate venom systems to deliver complex protein mixtures for prey capture. To understand mechanisms involved in snake venom evolution, we decoded here the ~1.4-Gb genome of a habu, Protobothrops flavoviridis. We identified 60 snake venom protein genes (SV) and 224 non-venom paralogs (NV), belonging to 18 gene families. Molecular phylogeny reveals early divergence of SV and NV genes, suggesting that one of the four copies generated through two rounds of whole-genome duplication was modified for use as a toxin. Among them, both SV and NV genes in four major components were extensively duplicated after their diversification, but accelerated evolution is evident exclusively in the SV genes. Both venom-related SV and NV genes are significantly enriched in microchromosomes. The present study thus provides a genetic background for evolution of snake venom composition.

Details

Title
The habu genome reveals accelerated evolution of venom protein genes
Author
Shibata, Hiroki 1 ; Chijiwa, Takahito 2 ; Oda-Ueda, Naoko 3 ; Nakamura, Hitomi 3 ; Yamaguchi, Kazuaki 2 ; Hattori, Shousaku 4 ; Matsubara, Kazumi 5 ; Matsuda, Yoichi 6 ; Yamashita, Akifumi 7 ; Isomoto, Akiko 1 ; Mori, Kazuki 8 ; Tashiro, Kosuke 9 ; Kuhara, Satoru 9 ; Yamasaki, Shinichi 10 ; Fujie, Manabu 10 ; Goto, Hiroki 10 ; Koyanagi, Ryo 10 ; Takeuchi, Takeshi 11 ; Fukumaki, Yasuyuki 12 ; Ohno, Motonori 2 ; Shoguchi, Eiichi 11 ; Hisata, Kanako 11 ; Satoh, Noriyuki 11   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ogawa, Tomohisa 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

1  Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan 
2  Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan 
3  Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan 
4  Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Oshima-gun, Kagoshima, Japan 
5  Department of Information and Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan 
6  Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan 
7  Department of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan 
8  Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Computational Bio-Big Data Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 
9  Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan 
10  DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan 
11  Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan 
12  Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan 
Pages
1-11
Publication year
2018
Publication date
Jul 2018
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28749-4
ProQuest document ID
2076903484
Copyright
© 2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.