The impact of allergen exposure and specific immunotherapy on circulating blood cells in allergic rhinitis

Abstract

Recently, we further described a rapid decrease in circulating erythrocytes after allergen exposure in AR [8, 9]. [...]local nasal inflammation upon allergen exposure induces systemic inflammatory responses [10] and, in the context of effector cell recruitment, activation of bone marrow. Natural killer cells (NK) NK cells play an important role in mediation between innate and acquired immunity, such as interaction with DCs leading to a selection of antigen-presenting cells. Since the description of subtypes by Wei et al. Overall, in vivo reports are consistently reporting an early increase in circulating segmented neutrophils followed by a delayed elevation in peripheral ILC2 and eosinophils numbers upon allergen exposure in AR, implying their recruitment in the nasal mucosa. Besides the resulting elevation in circulating leukocytes, a rapid decrease in erythrocytes and, to a lesser extent, changes in thrombocyte numbers reflect a systemic impact of the acute inflammatory AR reaction. first-line innate immune responses against pathogens