Prothrombin G20210A (rs1799963) polymorphism increases myocardial infarction risk in an age-related manner: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

G20210A polymorphism (rs1799963) within the prothrombin gene is associated with a higher circulation level of prothrombin, thus increasing the likelihood of developing myocardial infarction (MI). Opinions differ regarding the correlation between prothrombin G20210A genotype and MI risk, which prompted us to conduct a meta-analysis to determine this association. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI were searched for pertinent reports. A total of 34 studies involving 14 611 MI cases and 84 358 controls were analyzed in this quantitative analysis. We found a statistically significant association between prothrombin G20210A polymorphism and MI in the allele model (A vs. G, OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.18–1.72), heterozygote model (GA vs. GG, OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.16–1.72) and dominant model (GA + AA vs. GG, OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.15–1.72). The association remains significant in Caucasians but not in non-Caucasians. Moreover, prothrombin G20210A polymorphism increases MI risk in an age-related manner. A further significant association was found in a subpopulation younger than 55 years (allele model, OR = 1.76, 95%CI: 1.32–2.35; heterozygote model, OR = 1.70, 95%CI: 1.24–2.33; dominant model, OR = 1.70, 95%CI: 1.24–2.34). Sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis revealed stable and statistically robust results. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that prothrombin G20210A polymorphism may represent a risk factor for MI.