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Abstract
Children with poor reading comprehension despite typical word reading skills were examined using neuropsychological, genetic, and neuroimaging data collected from the Genes, Reading and Dyslexia Study of 1432 Hispanic American and African American children. This unexpected poor comprehension was associated with profound deficits in vocabulary, when compared to children with comprehension skills consistent with their word reading. Those with specific comprehension difficulties were also more likely to have RU2Short alleles of READ1 regulatory variants of DCDC2, strongly associated with reading and language difficulties. Subjects with RU2Short alleles showed stronger resting state functional connectivity between the right insula/inferior frontal gyrus and the right supramarginal gyrus, even after controlling for potentially confounding variables including genetic ancestry and socioeconomic status. This multi-disciplinary approach advances the current understanding of specific reading comprehension difficulties, and suggests the need for interventions that are more appropriately tailored to the specific comprehension deficits of this group of children.
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Details
; Malins, Jeffrey G 2
; DeMille, Mellissa M C 3 ; Lovett, Maureen W 4 ; Truong, Dongnhu T 3 ; Epstein, Katherine 3 ; Lacadie, Cheryl 5 ; Mehta, Chintan 3 ; Bosson-Heenan, Joan 3 ; Gruen, Jeffrey R 6
; Frijters, Jan C 7 ; Boada, Richard 8 ; Gottwald, Stephanie 9 ; Hill, Dina 10 ; Jacobson, Lisa A 11 ; Mahone, E Mark 11 ; Willcutt, Erik G 12 ; Wolf, Maryanne 9 1 Department of Curriculum and Instruction, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
2 Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
3 Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
4 Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Learning Disabilities Research Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
5 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
6 Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Genetics and the Investigative Medicine Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
7 Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
8 University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
9 Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
10 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
11 Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
12 University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA




