Abstract

Clues from the epidemiology of schizophrenia, such as the increased risk in those born in winter/spring, have led to the hypothesis that prenatal vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of later schizophrenia. We wish to explore this hypothesis in a large Danish case-control study (n = 2602). The concentration of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was assessed from neonatal dried blood samples. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated when examined for quintiles of 25OHD concentration. In addition, we examined statistical models that combined 25OHD concentration and the schizophrenia polygenic risk score (PRS) in a sample that combined the new sample with a previous study (total n = 3464; samples assayed and genotyped between 2008-2013). Compared to the reference (fourth) quintile, those in the lowest quintile (<20.4 nmol/L) had a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia (IRR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.12–1.85). None of the other quintile comparisons were significantly different. There was no significant interaction between 25OHD and the PRS. Neonatal vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk for schizophrenia in later life. These findings could have important public health implications related to the primary prevention of schizophrenia.

Details

Title
The association between neonatal vitamin D status and risk of schizophrenia
Author
Eyles, Darryl W 1 ; Trzaskowski, Maciej 2 ; Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E 2 ; Mattheisen, Manuel 3 ; Meier, Sandra 4 ; Gooch, Helen 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Anggono, Victor 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cui, Xiaoying 5 ; Men Chee Tan 6 ; Burne, Thomas H J 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jang, Se Eun 6 ; Kvaskoff, David 5 ; Hougaard, David M 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Nørgaard-Pedersen, Bent 8 ; Cohen, Arieh 8 ; Agerbo, Esben 9   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pedersen, Carsten B 9 ; Børglum, Anders D 10 ; Mors, Ole 11 ; Sah, Pankaj 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Wray, Naomi R 12   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mortensen, Preben B 9 ; McGrath, John J 13   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

1  Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia 
2  Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia 
3  Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark 
4  iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark; Mental Health Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Copenhagen Region, Copenhagen, Denmark 
5  Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 
6  Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia 
7  iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark 
8  Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark 
9  iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 
10  iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine and iSEQ-Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 
11  iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark 
12  Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia 
13  Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 
Pages
1-8
Publication year
2018
Publication date
Dec 2018
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35418-z
ProQuest document ID
2151211681
Copyright
© 2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.