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Abstract
Factorial analysis is the technique of multivariate statistics which aims at the reduction of the number of initial variables of analysis, in order to decrease information loss. The technique creates a small group of common factors not observed from the interpretation of the existing interrelations within the set of observed variables. In this article, the factor analysis was applied using the R program with the objective of finding factors that represent the relation between the contaminants of an iron ore. To this end, the variables Fe, SiO2 , Al2 O3 , P, Mn, TiO2 , CaO, MgO and PPC (loss by calcination) were analyzed. The factors were extracted using the Main Components method, using the sample correlation matrix. It was observed that 83.5% of the total variance could be explained by 3 factors. Using the orthogonal rotation of the Varimax type, it was observed that the PPC, CaO and MgO variables have higher loads in factor 1 (carbonate presence), Al and TiO2 variables have higher loads in factor 2 (chemical weathering and/or igneous intrusions) and factor 3 is related to the Manganese variable.
A análise fatorial é uma técnica da estatística multivariada que tem o objetivo de diminuir o número de variáveis iniciais de uma análise, minimizando a perda de informação. A técnica cria um grupo reduzido de fatores comuns não observados a partir da interpretação das inter-relações existentes dentro do conjunto de variáveis observadas. Neste artigo, a análise fatorial foi aplicada utilizando o programa R com o objetivo de encontrar fatores que representem a relação entre os contaminantes de um minério de ferro. Para tanto, foram analisadas as variáveis Fe, SiO2 , Al2 O3 , P, Mn, TiO2 , CaO, MgO e PPC (perda por calcinação). Os fatores foram extraídos aplicando o método dos componentes principais, utilizando a matriz de correlação amostral. Observou-se que 83,5% do total da variância pôde ser explicada por 3 fatores. Utilizando a rotação ortogonal do tipo Varimax, observou-se que as variáveis PPC, CaO e MgO possuem cargas maiores no fator 1 (presença de carbonato), que as variáveis Al e TiO2 têm cargas mais altas no fator 2 (intemperismo químico e/ou intrusões ígneas), e que o fator 3 está relacionado com a variável manganês.
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