Abstract

Cigarette smoking is believed to affect thyroid function and autoimmune thyroid disease. However, there is little information to analyze their association using objective biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effect of smoking on thyroid hormones and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab) using urinary cotinine levels and a population-based cohort. The present study used the thyroid hormone and urinary cotinine dataset from sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014 and 2015, and a total of 4249 participants were included. Dose-response relationships between thyroid hormone (free T4, TSH, and TPO Ab) and urinary cotinine levels were estimated using ANCOVA after adjustment for all variables (age, height, weight, alcohol, exercise, and log- transformed iodine in urine). Urinary cotinine level was negatively correlated with TSH. The estimated coefficients were −0.0711 in males and −0.0941 in females (p < 0.0001). TPO Ab titer was positively correlated with cotinine levels in males (p < 0.0001). Our findings indicated a significant dose-related effect of urinary cotinine level on thyroid function, and thyroid autoimmunity.

Details

Title
Impact of smoking on thyroid gland: dose-related effect of urinary cotinine levels on thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity
Author
Su-jin, Kim 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Kim Min Joo 2 ; Yoon, Sang Gab 3 ; Myong Jun Pyo 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Yu, Hyeong Won 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Chai Young Jun 6 ; Choi, June Young 5 ; Lee Kyu Eun 7 

1  Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Division of Surgery, Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Department of Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea 
2  Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.31501.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0470 5905) 
3  Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Division of Surgery, Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Department of Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.31501.36) 
4  Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.411947.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 0470 4224) 
5  Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.412480.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0647 3378) 
6  Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.412479.d) 
7  Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Division of Surgery, Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Department of Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.412480.b) 
Publication year
2019
Publication date
Dec 2019
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40708-1
ProQuest document ID
2190463405
Copyright
This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.