Abstract

Anatolia was home to some of the earliest farming communities. It has been long debated whether a migration of farming groups introduced agriculture to central Anatolia. Here, we report the first genome-wide data from a 15,000-year-old Anatolian hunter-gatherer and from seven Anatolian and Levantine early farmers. We find high genetic continuity (~80–90%) between the hunter-gatherers and early farmers of Anatolia and detect two distinct incoming ancestries: an early Iranian/Caucasus related one and a later one linked to the ancient Levant. Finally, we observe a genetic link between southern Europe and the Near East predating 15,000 years ago. Our results suggest a limited role of human migration in the emergence of agriculture in central Anatolia.

Central Anatolia harbored some of the earliest farming societies outside the Fertile Crescent of the Near East. Here, the authors report and analyze genome-wide data from a 15,000-year-old Anatolian hunter-gatherer and from seven Anatolian and Levantine early farmers, and suggest high genetic continuity between the hunter-gatherers and early farmers of Anatolia.

Details

Title
Late Pleistocene human genome suggests a local origin for the first farmers of central Anatolia
Author
Feldman, Michal 1 ; Fernández-Domínguez, Eva 2 ; Reynolds, Luke 3 ; Baird, Douglas 4 ; Pearson, Jessica 4 ; Hershkovitz Israel 5 ; May, Hila 5 ; Goring-Morris, Nigel 6 ; Benz, Marion 7 ; Gresky Julia 8 ; Bianco, Raffaela A 1 ; Fairbairn, Andrew 9 ; Mustafaoğlu Gökhan 10 ; Stockhammer, Philipp W 11 ; Posth Cosimo 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Haak, Wolfgang 1 ; Jeong Choongwon 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Krause, Johannes 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

1  Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, Germany (GRID:grid.469873.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 4914 1197) 
2  Durham University, Department of Archaeology, Durham, UK (GRID:grid.8250.f) (ISNI:0000 0000 8700 0572) 
3  Liverpool John Moores University, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool, UK (GRID:grid.4425.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0368 0654) 
4  University of Liverpool, Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, Liverpool, UK (GRID:grid.10025.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 8470) 
5  Tel Aviv University, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research and The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel (GRID:grid.12136.37) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0546); Tel Aviv University, The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv, Israel (GRID:grid.12136.37) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0546) 
6  The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Prehistory, Institute of Archaeology, Jerusalem, Israel (GRID:grid.9619.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0538) 
7  Free University Berlin, Department of Near Eastern Archaeology, Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.14095.39) (ISNI:0000 0000 9116 4836) 
8  German Archaeological Institute, Department of Natural Sciences, Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.424195.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2106 6832) 
9  The University of Queensland, School of Social Science, Brisbane, Australia (GRID:grid.1003.2) (ISNI:0000 0000 9320 7537) 
10  Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Department of Archaeology, Zonguldak, Turkey (GRID:grid.411822.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2033 6079) 
11  Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, Germany (GRID:grid.469873.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 4914 1197); Archäologie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München, Institut für Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie und Provinzialrömische, München, Germany (GRID:grid.5252.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 973X) 
Publication year
2019
Publication date
Dec 2019
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20411723
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09209-7
ProQuest document ID
2194111370
Copyright
This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.