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Abstract
The aim of the present work is to develop nanoemulsions (NEs), nanosized emulsions, manufactured for improving the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In particular, nanoemulsions composed of Neem seed oil, contain rich bioactive components, and Tween 20 as nonionic surfactant were prepared. A mean droplet size ranging from 10 to 100 nm was obtained by modulating the oil/surfactant ratio. Physicochemical characterisation was carried out evaluating size, ζ-potential, microviscosity, polarity and turbidity of the external shell and morphology, along with stability in simulated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), activity of Neem oil alone and in NEs, HEp-2 cell interaction and cytotoxicity studies. This study confirms the formation of NEs by Tween 20 and Neem oil at different weight ratios with small and homogenous dimensions. The antioxidant activity of Neem oil alone and in NEs was comparable, whereas its cytotoxicity was strongly reduced when loaded in NEs after interaction with HEp-2 cells.
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Details
1 Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Rome, Italy;
2 Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “ Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy;
3 Dipartimento di Sanità pubblica e Malattie infettive, “ Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy;
4 Dipartimento di Farmacia, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy;
5 Department of Biology, Selçuk Üniversitesi Alaeddin Keykubat Yerleşkesi, Konya, Turkey;
6 Centro nazionale per le tecnologie innovative in sanità pubblica, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy;
7 Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy