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Abstract
Objective
To investigate the whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity in patients with chronic migraine (CM) using a data-driven method.
Methods
We prospectively recruited patients with either episodic migraine (EM) or CM aged 18–60 years who visited the headache clinic of the Samsung Medical Center from July 2016 to December 2017. All patients underwent 3 T MRI using an identical scanner. Patients were considered interictal if they did not have a migraine headache at the day and ± 1 days of functional MRI acquisition. Using the group-independent component analysis (ICA), connectivity analysis with a weighted and undirected network model was performed. The between-group differences in degree centrality (DC) values were assessed using 5000 permutation tests corrected with false discovery rate (FDR).
Results
A total of 62 patients (44 EM and 18 CM) were enrolled in this study. Among the seven functionally interpretable spatially independent components (ICs) identified, only one IC, interpreted as the pain matrix, showed a significant between-group difference in DC (CM > EM, p = 0.046). This association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, migraine with aura (MWA), allodynia, depression, and anxiety (p = 0.038). The pain matrix was functionally correlated with the hypothalamus (p = 0.040, EM > CM) and dorsal raphe nucleus (p = 0.039, CM > EM) with different levels of strength in EM and CM.
Conclusion
CM patients have a stronger connectivity in the pain matrix than do EM patients. Functional alteration of the pain network might play a role in migraine chronification.
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Details
1 Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X); Samsung Medical Center, Neuroscience Center, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.414964.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 0640 5613)
2 Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Suwon, South Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X); Institute for Basic Science, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Suwon, South Korea (GRID:grid.410720.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1784 4496)
3 Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
4 Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
5 Institute for Basic Science, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Suwon, South Korea (GRID:grid.410720.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1784 4496); Sungkyunkwan University, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Suwon, South Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)