Abstract

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a threat to the global poultry industry, but particularly for smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries. Previous reports suggest that some breeds of chickens are less susceptible to NDV infection, however, the mechanisms contributing to this are unknown. We here examined the comparative transcriptional responses of innate immune genes to NDV infection in inbred sublines of the Fayoumi and Leghorn breeds known to differ in their relative susceptibility to infection as well as at the microchromosome bearing the major histocompatability complex (MHC) locus. The analysis identified a set of five core genes, Mx1, IRF1, IRF7, STAT1, and SOCS1, that are up-regulated regardless of subline. Several genes were differentially expressed in a breed- or subline-dependent manner. The breed-dependent response involved TLR3, NOS2, LITAF, and IFIH1 in the Fayoumi versus IL8, CAMP, and CCL4 in the Leghorn. Further analysis identified subline-dependent differences in the pro-inflammatory response within the Fayoumi breed that are likely influenced by the MHC. These results have identified conserved, breed-dependent, and subline-dependent innate immune responses to NDV infection in chickens, and provide a strong framework for the future characterization of the specific roles of genes and pathways that influence the susceptibility of chickens to NDV infection.

Details

Title
Conserved, breed-dependent, and subline-dependent innate immune responses of Fayoumi and Leghorn chicken embryos to Newcastle disease virus infection
Author
Schilling, Megan A 1 ; Memari Sahar 2 ; Cavanaugh, Meredith 2 ; Katani Robab 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Deist, Melissa S 4 ; Radzio-Basu Jessica 5 ; Lamont, Susan J 4 ; Buza, Joram J 6 ; Kapur Vivek 7 

1  The Pennsylvania State University, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); The Pennsylvania State University, Animal Science Department, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); School of Life Science and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania (GRID:grid.29857.31) 
2  The Pennsylvania State University, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); The Pennsylvania State University, Animal Science Department, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281) 
3  The Pennsylvania State University, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); The Pennsylvania State University, Animal Science Department, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); The Pennsylvania State University, Applied Biological and Biosafety Research Laboratory, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281) 
4  The Iowa State University, Department of Animal Science, Ames, USA (GRID:grid.34421.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 7312) 
5  The Pennsylvania State University, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); The Pennsylvania State University, Applied Biological and Biosafety Research Laboratory, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281) 
6  School of Life Science and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania (GRID:grid.34421.30) 
7  The Pennsylvania State University, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); The Pennsylvania State University, Animal Science Department, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281); School of Life Science and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania (GRID:grid.29857.31); The Pennsylvania State University, Applied Biological and Biosafety Research Laboratory, University Park, USA (GRID:grid.29857.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4281) 
Publication year
2019
Publication date
2019
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43483-1
ProQuest document ID
2222924640
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.