Abstract

Rechargeable sodium metal batteries with high energy density could be important to a wide range of energy applications in modern society. The pursuit of higher energy density should ideally come with high safety, a goal difficult for electrolytes based on organic solvents. Here we report a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte comprised of aluminium chloride/1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride/sodium chloride ionic liquid spiked with two important additives, ethylaluminum dichloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This leads to the first chloroaluminate based ionic liquid electrolyte for rechargeable sodium metal battery. The obtained batteries reached voltages up to ~ 4 V, high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.9%, and high energy and power density of ~ 420 Wh kg−1 and ~ 1766 W kg−1, respectively. The batteries retained over 90% of the original capacity after 700 cycles, suggesting an effective approach to sodium metal batteries with high energy/high power density, long cycle life and high safety.

Details

Title
A safe and non-flammable sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyte
Author
Sun, Hao 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Zhu, Guanzhou 1 ; Xu, Xintong 2 ; Liao, Meng 3 ; Yuan-Yao, Li 4 ; Angell, Michael 1 ; Gu, Meng 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Zhu, Yuanmin 6 ; Wei Hsuan Hung 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Li, Jiachen 1 ; Kuang, Yun 8 ; Meng, Yongtao 1 ; Meng-Chang, Lin 9 ; Peng, Huisheng 3 ; Dai, Hongjie 1 

 Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 
 Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 
 State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 
 Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan 
 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 
 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 
 Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 
 Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China 
 College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China 
Pages
1-11
Publication year
2019
Publication date
Jul 2019
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20411723
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2263286334
Copyright
© 2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.