Abstract

In most mammalian cells, DNA replication occurs once, and only once between cell divisions. Replication initiation is a highly regulated process with redundant mechanisms that prevent errant initiation events. In lower eukaryotes, replication is initiated from a defined consensus sequence, whereas a consensus sequence delineating mammalian origin of replication has not been identified. Here we show that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is present at mammalian replication origins. Our data support the hypothesis that 5hmC has a role in cell cycle regulation. We show that 5hmC level is inversely proportional to proliferation; indeed, 5hmC negatively influences cell division by increasing the time a cell resides in G1. Our data suggest that 5hmC recruits replication-licensing factors, then is removed prior to or during origin firing. Later we propose that TET2, the enzyme catalyzing 5mC to 5hmC conversion, acts as barrier to rereplication. In a broader context, our results significantly advance the understating of 5hmC involvement in cell proliferation and disease states.

Details

Title
5-hydroxymethylcytosine Marks Mammalian Origins Acting as a Barrier to Replication
Author
Prikrylova, Terezia 1 ; Robertson, Julia 2 ; Ferrucci, Francesca 2 ; Konorska, Dorota 2 ; Aanes, Håvard 2 ; Manaf, Adeel 2 ; Zhang, Beibei 3 ; Cathrine Broberg Vågbø 4 ; Kuśnierczyk, Anna 4 ; Gilljam, Karin M 5 ; Løvkvam-Køster, Caroline 2 ; Otterlei, Marit 5 ; Dahl, John Arne 2 ; Enserink, Jorrit 6 ; Klungland, Arne 1 ; Robertson, Adam B 7 

 Institute of Medical Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 
 Institute of Medical Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway 
 Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway 
 Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway 
 Institute of Medical Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway; Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway 
 Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; The Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 
 Institute of Medical Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway; Hemispherian AS, Gaustadalleen 21, Oslo, Norway 
Pages
1-16
Publication year
2019
Publication date
Jul 2019
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2266995079
Copyright
© 2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.