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Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLR), the main class of immune-sensor molecules triggering the innate immunity pathways, are known to be involved in the infection of different RNA and DNA viruses, including herpesviruses. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread human beta-herpesvirus that infects 80–90 % of the world’s population and it can cause severe and even fatal diseases in immunocompromised patients and it is also responsible for birth defects as a consequence of congenital infection. Aim of this review is to discuss the existing data regarding the role of TLRs in HCMV concentrating mainly on TLR4. A better understanding in this relationship could be exploited for the development of efficient early diagnosis methodologies and anti viral therapies.





