INDIVIDUAL TREE DETECTION AND DETERMINATION OF TREE PARAMETERS USING UAV-BASED LIDAR DATA

Abstract

Forest inventory provides comprehensive information about the geometric and biometric state of forests as well as vegetated areas. In this study, a point-based 3D method is presented for tree detection as well as measuring of structural properties of forests such as the tree height, tree position and canopy area using high resolution point cloud which is provided by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based LiDAR sensor. The proposed method is based on the density of point cloud and 2D and 3D distance measurements. It includes three main steps as pre-processing, tree detection, and extraction of tree structural attributes. After generating a canopy height model, an image is created based on the density of point cloud. Next, points are classified based on 2D and 3D distance measurements, sequentially, from the highest to the lowest. According to the results, the rate of tree detection is about 95% and the main structural parameters of a tree such as the position, height, area and length of the canopy are estimated with the accuracy of 1.97 m, 0.36 m, 12.78 m² and 0.79 m, respectively.