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Copyright © 2019 Musa Male et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Background. Although both nonfunctional paraganglioma of the bladder (NPB) and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) are subtypes of bladder tumors, they are entirely different entities with distinct tissue origins and anatomical locations. However, NPB is frequently misdiagnosed as UCB chiefly due to the similarities in their clinical characteristics and cystoscopic features. This study aimed to compare the differences in their clinical characteristics and cystoscopic features. Patients and Methods. Between April 2007 and September 2017, 14 patients with NPB (NPB group) were retrieved from 2 centers, and 42 patients with new-onset UCB (UCB group) were randomly retrieved. Demographic, symptomatic, imaging, and cystoscopic data of patients in both groups were collected and compared. Results. NPB group comprised 7 males and 7 females, with a mean age of 43.1 ± 13.6 years. Compared with the UCB group, patients in the NPB group were significantly younger (p<0.001), less likely to be male (p<0.05), and to present with hematuria (p<0.01). However, no significant difference in maximum tumor diameter was observed between the 2 groups (p=0.609). Compared with the UCB group, cystoscopically, patients in the NPB group were significantly more likely to present with hypervascularization but less likely to present with hemorrhage, necrosis, calcification, pedunculation, and multilesion (p<0.05). No patients with NPB were clinically diagnosed correctly before cystoscopy. Of the 5 patients who underwent both cystoscopy and biopsy, 4 were diagnosed with NPB, while 1 remained undiagnosed. Of the remaining 9 patients who underwent cystoscopy only, 5 were diagnosed with nonepithelial tumor, and 4 were misdiagnosed with UCB. Conclusions. Age, sex, and hematuria may provide clues to differentiating NPB from UCB. Differences in cystoscopic features between NPB and UCB are of high diagnostic value. Cystoscopic biopsy should be considered in the preoperative diagnosis of NPB.

Details

Title
Differentiating Nonfunctional Paraganglioma of the Bladder from Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Pitfalls and Breakthroughs
Author
Male, Musa 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ye, Tao 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jin, Tao 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Chen, Zhi-qiang 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Peng, Ejun 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China 
 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China 
Editor
Gang Liu
Publication year
2019
Publication date
2019
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISSN
23146133
e-ISSN
23146141
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2315459665
Copyright
Copyright © 2019 Musa Male et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/