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Abstract
An important goal of the Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccine is to prevent a congenital syndrome in fetuses of pregnant women, but studies directly evaluating maternal vaccination for ZIKV are lacking. Here we report maternal vaccination using a live-attenuated ZIKV vaccine (3ʹUTR-∆10-LAV) in a pregnant mouse model. Maternal immunization with 3ʹUTR-∆10-LAV does not cause any adverse effects on pregnancy, fetal development, or offspring behavior. One maternal immunization fully protects dams against ZIKV infection and in utero transmission. Although neutralizing antibody alone is sufficient to prevent in utero transmission, a higher neutralizing titer is required to protect pregnant mice against in utero transmission than that required to protect non-pregnant mice against viral infection. The immunized dams transfer maternal antibodies to pups, which protect neonates against ZIKV infection. Notably, pregnancy weakens maternal T cell response to 3ʹUTR-∆10-LAV vaccination. Our results suggest that, besides vaccinating non-pregnant individuals, 3ʹUTR-∆10-LAV may also be considered for maternal vaccination.
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1 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory, Mega-Science Center for Bio-Safety Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
2 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
3 Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
4 Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, & Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
5 Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Institute for Human Infections & Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology & Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Center for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
6 Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
7 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Institute for Human Infections & Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology & Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Department of Phamarcology & Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA