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Abstract
Topological superconductors have attracted wide-spreading interests for the bright application perspectives to quantum computing. Cu0.3Bi2Se3 is a rare bulk topological superconductor with an odd-parity wave function, but the details of the vector order parameter d and its pinning mechanism are still unclear. Here, we succeed in growing CuxBi2Se3 single crystals with unprecedented high doping levels. For samples with x = 0.28, 0.36 and 0.37 with similar carrier density as evidenced by the Knight shift, the in-plane upper critical field Hc2 shows a two-fold symmetry. However, the angle at which the Hc2 becomes minimal is different by 90° among them, which indicates that the d-vector direction is different for each crystal likely due to a different local environment. The carrier density for x = 0.46 and 0.54 increases substantially compared to x ≤ 0.37. Surprisingly, the in-plane Hc2 anisotropy disappears, indicating that the gap symmetry undergoes a transition from nematic to isotropic (possibly chiral) as carrier increases.
The understanding of the vector order parameter for Cu0.3Bi2Se3 topological superconductor remains unclear. Here, Kawai et al. report a surprising disappearance of the in-plane upper critical field anisotropy for CuxBi2Se3 single crystals with more carriers, indicating a transition from nematic to chiral superconducting gap symmetry.
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Details

1 Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.261356.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1302 4472)
2 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.458438.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 0605 6806) ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.410726.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1797 8419)
3 Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.261356.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1302 4472) ; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.458438.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 0605 6806)