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Abstract
This study established, for the first time, shoot proliferation and plant regeneration protocols via shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of a medical and ornamental plant, Portulaca pilosa L. The optimal proliferation of axillary shoots was 6.2-fold within 30 days on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3.0 µM 6-benzyladenine (BA). Shoots could be induced directly from leaf explants, forming an average of 3.8 adventitious shoots per explant, on optimal MS medium supplemented with 1.0 µM thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.1 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). A higher concentration of TDZ (3.0 µM), alone or in combination with 0.1 µM NAA, induced somatic embryo-like shoot buds and then developed into real shoots. Rooting was easier since roots were induced on all rooting media within one month. Half-strength MS medium free of plant growth regulators was best for rooting. Rooted plantlets were transferred to a sand: perlite (1:1, v/v) substrate, resulting in highest survival (90%). Plantlets showed more robust growth, however, on substrates of yellow mud: perlite (1:1, v/v) or peat soil: vermiculite: perlite (1:1:1, v/v).
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1 Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (GRID:grid.449900.0); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China (GRID:grid.458495.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 1014 7864)
2 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China (GRID:grid.458495.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 1014 7864); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.410726.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1797 8419)
3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China (GRID:grid.458495.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 1014 7864)
4 P.O. Box 7, Miki-cho Post Office, Miki-cho, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-ken, Japan (GRID:grid.458495.1)
5 Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (GRID:grid.449900.0)