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Abstract
The SHiP experiment is proposed to search for very weakly interacting particles beyond the Standard Model which are produced in a 400 GeV/c proton beam dump at the CERN SPS. About muons per spill will be produced in the dump. To design the experiment such that the muon-induced background is minimized, a precise knowledge of the muon spectrum is required. To validate the muon flux generated by our Pythia and GEANT4 based Monte Carlo simulation (FairShip), we have measured the muon flux emanating from a SHiP-like target at the SPS. This target, consisting of 13 interaction lengths of slabs of molybdenum and tungsten, followed by a 2.4 m iron hadron absorber was placed in the H4 400 GeV/c proton beam line. To identify muons and to measure the momentum spectrum, a spectrometer instrumented with drift tubes and a muon tagger were used. During a 3-week period a dataset for analysis corresponding to protons on target was recorded. This amounts to approximatively 1% of a SHiP spill.
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Details
Title
Measurement of the muon flux from 400 GeV/c protons interacting in a thick molybdenum/tungsten target
Author
Ahdida, C 1 ; Akmete, A 2 ; Albanese, R 3 ; Alexandrov, A 4 ; Anokhina, A 5 ; Aoki, S 6 ; Arduini, G 1 ; Atkin, E 7 ; Azorskiy, N 8 ; Back, J J 9 ; Bagulya, A 10 ; Santos F Baaltasar Dos 1 ; Baranov, A 11 ; Bardou, F 1 ; Barker, G J 9 ; Battistin, M 1 ; Bauche, J 1 ; Bay, A 12 ; Bayliss, V 13 ; Bencivenni, G 14 ; Berdnikov, A Y 15 ; Berdnikov, Y A 15 ; Bertani, M 14 ; Betancourt, C 16 ; Bezshyiko, I 16 ; Bezshyyko, O 17 ; Bick, D 18 ; Bieschke, S 18 ; Blanco, A 19 ; Boehm, J 13 ; Bogomilov, M 20 ; Boiarska, I 21 ; Bondarenko, K 22 ; Bonivento, W M 23 ; Borburgh, J 1 ; Boyarsky, A 24 ; Brenner, R 25 ; Breton, D 26 ; Büscher, V 27 ; Buonaura, A 16 ; Buontempo, S 28 ; Cadeddu, S 23 ; Calcaterra, A 14 ; Calviani, M 1 ; Campanelli, M 29 ; Casolino, M 1 ; Charitonidis, N 1 ; Chau, P 27 ; Chauveau, J 30 ; Chepurnov, A 5 ; Chernyavskiy, M 10 ; K-Y, Choi 31 ; Chumakov, A 32 ; Ciambrone, P 14 ; Cicero, V 33 ; Congedo, L 34 ; Cornelis, K 1 ; Cristinziani, M 35 ; Crupano, A 36 ; Dallavalle, G M 33 ; Datwyler, A 16 ; D’Ambrosio N 37 ; D’Appollonio G 23 ; de, Asmundis R 38 ; De Carvalho Saraiva J 19 ; De Lellis G 39 ; de Magistris M 40 ; De Roeck A 1 ; De, Serio M 34 ; De, Simone D 16 ; Dedenko, L 5 ; Dergachev, P 41 ; Di, Crescenzo A 42 ; Di, Giulio L 1 ; Di, Marco N 43 ; Dib, C 32 ; Dijkstra, H 1 ; Dmitrenko, V 7 ; Dmitrievskiy, S 8 ; Dougherty, L A 1 ; Dolmatov, A 44 ; Domenici, D 14 ; Donskov, S 45 ; Drohan, V 17 ; Dubreuil, A 46 ; Durhan, O 2 ; Ehlert, M 47 ; Elikkaya, E 2 ; Enik, T 8 ; Etenko, A 48 ; Fabbri, F 33 ; Fedin, O 49 ; Fedotovs, F 50 ; Felici, G 14 ; Ferrillo, M 16 ; Ferro-Luzzi, M 1 ; Filippov, K 7 ; Fini, R A 34 ; Fonte, P 19 ; Franco, C 19 ; Fraser, M 1 ; Fresa, R 40 ; Froeschl, R 1 ; Fukuda, T 51 ; Galati, G 52 ; Gall, J 1 ; Gatignon, L 1 ; Gavrilov, G 7 ; Gentile, V 53 ; Goddard, B 1 ; Golinka-Bezshyyko, L 17 ; Golovatiuk, A 54 ; Golubkov, D 44 ; Golutvin, A 55 ; Gorbounov, P 1 ; Gorbunov, D 56 ; Gorbunov, S 10 ; Gorkavenko, V 17 ; Gorshenkov, M 41 ; Grachev, V 7 ; Grandchamp, A L 12 ; Graverini, E 12 ; J-L, Grenard 1 ; Grenier, D 1 ; Grichine, V 10 ; Gruzinskii, N 49 ; Guler, A M 2 ; Yu, Guz 45 ; Haefeli, G J 12 ; Hagner, C 18 ; Hakobyan, H 32 ; Harris, I W 12 ; van, Herwijnen E 1 ; Hessler, C 1 ; Hollnagel, A 27 ; Hosseini, B 50 ; Hushchyn, M 57 ; Iaselli, G 34 ; Iuliano, A 58 ; Jacobsson, R 1 ; Joković, D 59 ; Jonker, M 1 ; Kadenko, I 17 ; Kain, V 1 ; Kaiser, B 18 ; Kamiscioglu, C 60 ; Karpenkov, D 41 ; Kershaw, K 1 ; Khabibullin, M 56 ; Khalikov, E 5 ; Khaustov, G 45 ; Khoriauli, G 27 ; Khotyantsev, A 56 ; Kim, Y G 61 ; Kim, V 62 ; Kitagawa, N 51 ; J-W, Ko 63 ; Kodama, K 64 ; Kolesnikov, A 8 ; Kolev, D I 20 ; Kolosov, V 45 ; Komatsu, M 51 ; Kono, A 65 ; Konovalova, N 66 ; Kormannshaus, S 27 ; Korol, I 47 ; Korol’ko I 44 ; Korzenev, A 46 ; Kostyukhin, V 35 ; Koukovini, Platia E 1 ; Kovalenko, S 32 ; Krasilnikova, I 41 ; Kudenko, Y 67 ; Kurbatov, E 68 ; Kurbatov, P 41 ; Kurochka, V 56 ; Kuznetsova, E 49 ; Lacker, H M 47 ; Lamont, M 1 ; Lanfranchi, G 14 ; Lantwin, O 16 ; Lauria, A 28 ; Lee, K S 69 ; Lee, K Y 63 ; J-M, Lévy 70 ; Loschiavo, V P 71 ; Lopes, L 19 ; Lopez, Sola E 1 ; Lyubovitskij, V 32 ; Maalmi, J 26 ; Magnan, A 50 ; Maleev, V 49 ; Malinin, A 72 ; Manabe, Y 51 ; Managadze, A K 5 ; Manfredi, M 1 ; Marsh, S 1 ; Marshall, A M 73 ; Mefodev, A 56 ; Mermod, P 46 ; Miano, A 74 ; Mikado, S 75 ; Mikhaylov Yu 45 ; Milstead, D A 76 ; Mineev, O 56 ; Montanari, A 33 ; Montesi, M C 77 ; Morishima, K 51 ; Movchan, S 8 ; Muttoni, Y 1 ; Naganawa, N 51 ; Nakamura, M 51 ; Nakano, T 51 ; Nasybulin, S 49 ; Ninin, P 1 ; Nishio, A 51 ; Novikov, A 7 ; Obinyakov, B 72 ; Ogawa, S 78 ; Okateva, N 66 ; Opitz, B 18 ; Osborne, J 1 ; Ovchynnikov, M 24 ; Owtscharenko, N 35 ; Owen, P H 16 ; Pacholek, P 1 ; Paoloni, A 14 ; Park, B D 63 ; Pastore, A 34 ; Patel, M 55 ; Pereyma, D 44 ; Perillo-Marcone, A 1 ; Petkov, G L 20 ; Petridis, K 73 ; Petrov, A 72 ; Podgrudkov, D 5 ; Poliakov, V 45 ; Polukhina, N 79 ; Prieto, Prieto J 1 ; Prokudin, M 44 ; Prota, A 80 ; Quercia, A 80 ; Rademakers, A 1 ; Rakai, A 1 ; Ratnikov, F 11 ; Rawlings, T 13 ; Redi, F 12 ; Ricciardi, S 13 ; Rinaldesi, M 1 ; Rodin Volodymyr 17 ; Rodin Viktor 17 ; Robbe, P 26 ; Rodrigues, Cavalcante A B 12 ; Roganova, T 5 ; Rokujo, H 51 ; Rosa, G 52 ; Rovelli, T 33 ; Ruchayskiy, O 21 ; Ruf, T 1 ; Samoylenko, V 45 ; Samsonov, V 7 ; Sanchez, Galan F 1 ; Santos, Diaz P 1 ; Sanz, Ull A 1 ; Saputi, A 14 ; Sato, O 51 ; Savchenko, E S 41 ; Schliwinski, J S 47 ; Schmidt-Parzefall, W 18 ; Serra, N 81 ; Sgobba, S 1 ; Shadura, O 17 ; Shakin, A 41 ; Shaposhnikov, M 12 ; Shatalov, P 82 ; Shchedrina, T 66 ; Shchutska, L 12 ; Shevchenko, V 83 ; Shibuya, H 84 ; Shihora, L 47 ; Shirobokov, S 50 ; Shustov, A 7 ; Silverstein, S B 76 ; Simone, S 34 ; Simoniello, R 27 ; Skorokhvatov, M 48 ; Smirnov, S 7 ; Sohn, J Y 63 ; Sokolenko, A 17 ; Solodko, E 1 ; Starkov, N 66 ; Stoel, L 1 ; Stramaglia, M E 12 ; Sukhonos, D 1 ; Suzuki, Y 51 ; Takahashi, S 6 ; Tastet, J L 21 ; Teterin, P 7 ; Than, Naing S 10 ; Timiryasov, I 12 ; Tioukov, V 85 ; Tommasini, D 1 ; Torii, M 51 ; Tosi, N 33 ; Treille, D 1 ; Tsenov, R 86 ; Ulin, S 7 ; Ursov, E 5 ; Ustyuzhanin, A 87 ; Uteshev, Z 7 ; Vankova-Kirilova, G 20 ; Vannucci, F 88 ; Venturi, V 1 ; Vilchinski, S 17 ; Vincke Heinz 1 ; Vincke Helmut 1 ; Visone, C 40 ; Vlasik, K 7 ; Volkov, A 89 ; Voronkov, R 10 ; van, Waasen S 90 ; Wanke, R 27 ; Wertelaers, P 1 ; Williams, O 1 ; J-K, Woo 91 ; Wurm, M 27 ; Xella, S 21 ; Yilmaz, D 60 ; Yilmazer, A U 60 ; Yoon, C S 63 ; Yu, Zaytsev 44 ; Zimmerman, J 47
1 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X)
2 Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey (GRID:grid.6935.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 1881 7391)
3 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.6935.9)
4 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.6935.9); P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
5 Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University (SINP MSU), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.14476.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 2342 9668)
6 Kobe University, Kobe, Japan (GRID:grid.31432.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 1092 3077)
7 National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
8 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia (GRID:grid.33762.33) (ISNI:0000000406204119)
9 University of Warwick, Warwick, UK (GRID:grid.7372.1) (ISNI:0000 0000 8809 1613)
10 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476)
11 Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.9132.9)
12 École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland (GRID:grid.5333.6) (ISNI:0000000121839049)
13 STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK (GRID:grid.76978.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 2296 6998)
14 Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN di Frascati, Frascati, Italy (GRID:grid.463190.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 0648 0236)
15 St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Saint Petersburg, Russia (GRID:grid.463190.9)
16 Universität Zürich, Physik-Institut, Zürich, Switzerland (GRID:grid.7400.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0650)
17 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine (GRID:grid.34555.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 0385 8248)
18 Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (GRID:grid.9026.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2287 2617)
19 LIP-Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics, Lisbon, Portugal (GRID:grid.420929.4)
20 Sofia University, Faculty of Physics, Sofia, Bulgaria (GRID:grid.11355.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2192 3275)
21 University of Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark (GRID:grid.5254.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0674 042X)
22 University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands (GRID:grid.5132.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2312 1970); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X)
23 Sezione INFN di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (GRID:grid.470195.e)
24 University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands (GRID:grid.5132.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2312 1970); Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine (GRID:grid.34555.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 0385 8248)
25 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (GRID:grid.8993.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9457)
26 Université Paris-Saclay, LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France (GRID:grid.460789.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 4910 6535)
27 Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik and PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Mainz, Germany (GRID:grid.5802.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 1941 7111)
28 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.7400.3)
29 University College London, London, UK (GRID:grid.83440.3b) (ISNI:0000000121901201)
30 Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, LPNHE, IN2P3/CNRS, Paris, France (GRID:grid.5802.f)
31 Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
32 Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María and Centro Científico Tecnológico de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (GRID:grid.12148.3e) (ISNI:0000 0001 1958 645X)
33 Sezione INFN di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8)
34 Sezione INFN di Bari, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b)
35 Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Bonn, Germany (GRID:grid.10388.32) (ISNI:0000 0001 2240 3300)
36 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.10388.32)
37 Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN di Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, Italy (GRID:grid.7400.3)
38 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.470195.e)
39 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.420929.4); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X)
40 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.9132.9)
41 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
42 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.35043.31)
43 Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN di Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, Italy (GRID:grid.9132.9)
44 Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.21626.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0125 8159)
45 Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Protvino, Russia (GRID:grid.424823.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0620 440X)
46 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.8591.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2322 4988)
47 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.7468.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2248 7639)
48 National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151); National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
49 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Gatchina, Russia (GRID:grid.430219.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 0619 3376)
50 Imperial College London, London, UK (GRID:grid.7445.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2113 8111)
51 Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan (GRID:grid.27476.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 0943 978X)
52 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.27476.30)
53 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.183446.c)
54 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.34555.32)
55 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); Imperial College London, London, UK (GRID:grid.7445.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2113 8111)
56 Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425051.7) (ISNI:0000 0000 9467 3767)
57 Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.7445.2)
58 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b)
59 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Serbia (GRID:grid.435330.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0475 2277)
60 Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (GRID:grid.7256.6) (ISNI:0000000109409118)
61 Gwangju National University of Education, Gwangju, Korea (GRID:grid.443793.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 0647 5242)
62 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Gatchina, Russia (GRID:grid.430219.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 0619 3376); St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Saint Petersburg, Russia (GRID:grid.430219.d)
63 Gyeongsang National University, Physics Education Department & RINS, Jinju, Korea (GRID:grid.256681.e) (ISNI:0000 0001 0661 1492)
64 Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Japan (GRID:grid.411246.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2111 4080)
65 Funabashi, Toho University, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.27476.30)
66 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
67 Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425051.7) (ISNI:0000 0000 9467 3767); National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
68 Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c)
69 Korea University, Seoul, Korea (GRID:grid.222754.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0840 2678)
70 Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, LPNHE, IN2P3/CNRS, Paris, France (GRID:grid.256681.e)
71 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.256681.e)
72 National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151)
73 University of Bristol, H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, UK (GRID:grid.5337.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 7603)
74 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.8591.5)
75 Nihon University, College of Industrial Technology, Narashino, Japan (GRID:grid.260969.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2149 8846)
76 Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden (GRID:grid.10548.38) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9377)
77 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8)
78 Funabashi, Toho University, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.18919.38)
79 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
80 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.21626.31)
81 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); Universität Zürich, Physik-Institut, Zürich, Switzerland (GRID:grid.7400.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0650)
82 Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.21626.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0125 8159); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
83 National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
84 Funabashi, Toho University, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.35043.31)
85 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.5333.6)
86 Sofia University, Faculty of Physics, Sofia, Bulgaria (GRID:grid.11355.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2192 3275); Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia (GRID:grid.33762.33) (ISNI:0000000406204119)
87 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31)
88 Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, LPNHE, IN2P3/CNRS, Paris, France (GRID:grid.11355.33)
89 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151)
90 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (KFA), Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.8385.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 2297 375X)
91 Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea (GRID:grid.411277.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0725 5207)
1 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X)
2 Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey (GRID:grid.6935.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 1881 7391)
3 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.6935.9)
4 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.6935.9); P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
5 Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University (SINP MSU), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.14476.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 2342 9668)
6 Kobe University, Kobe, Japan (GRID:grid.31432.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 1092 3077)
7 National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
8 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia (GRID:grid.33762.33) (ISNI:0000000406204119)
9 University of Warwick, Warwick, UK (GRID:grid.7372.1) (ISNI:0000 0000 8809 1613)
10 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476)
11 Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.9132.9)
12 École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland (GRID:grid.5333.6) (ISNI:0000000121839049)
13 STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK (GRID:grid.76978.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 2296 6998)
14 Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN di Frascati, Frascati, Italy (GRID:grid.463190.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 0648 0236)
15 St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Saint Petersburg, Russia (GRID:grid.463190.9)
16 Universität Zürich, Physik-Institut, Zürich, Switzerland (GRID:grid.7400.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0650)
17 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine (GRID:grid.34555.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 0385 8248)
18 Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (GRID:grid.9026.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2287 2617)
19 LIP-Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics, Lisbon, Portugal (GRID:grid.420929.4)
20 Sofia University, Faculty of Physics, Sofia, Bulgaria (GRID:grid.11355.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2192 3275)
21 University of Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark (GRID:grid.5254.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0674 042X)
22 University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands (GRID:grid.5132.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2312 1970); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X)
23 Sezione INFN di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (GRID:grid.470195.e)
24 University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands (GRID:grid.5132.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2312 1970); Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine (GRID:grid.34555.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 0385 8248)
25 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (GRID:grid.8993.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9457)
26 Université Paris-Saclay, LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France (GRID:grid.460789.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 4910 6535)
27 Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik and PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Mainz, Germany (GRID:grid.5802.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 1941 7111)
28 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.7400.3)
29 University College London, London, UK (GRID:grid.83440.3b) (ISNI:0000000121901201)
30 Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, LPNHE, IN2P3/CNRS, Paris, France (GRID:grid.5802.f)
31 Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
32 Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María and Centro Científico Tecnológico de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile (GRID:grid.12148.3e) (ISNI:0000 0001 1958 645X)
33 Sezione INFN di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8)
34 Sezione INFN di Bari, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b)
35 Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Bonn, Germany (GRID:grid.10388.32) (ISNI:0000 0001 2240 3300)
36 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.10388.32)
37 Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN di Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, Italy (GRID:grid.7400.3)
38 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.470195.e)
39 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.420929.4); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X)
40 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.9132.9)
41 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
42 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.35043.31)
43 Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN di Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, Italy (GRID:grid.9132.9)
44 Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.21626.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0125 8159)
45 Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Protvino, Russia (GRID:grid.424823.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0620 440X)
46 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.8591.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2322 4988)
47 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.7468.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2248 7639)
48 National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151); National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
49 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Gatchina, Russia (GRID:grid.430219.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 0619 3376)
50 Imperial College London, London, UK (GRID:grid.7445.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2113 8111)
51 Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan (GRID:grid.27476.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 0943 978X)
52 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.27476.30)
53 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.183446.c)
54 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.34555.32)
55 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); Imperial College London, London, UK (GRID:grid.7445.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2113 8111)
56 Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425051.7) (ISNI:0000 0000 9467 3767)
57 Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.7445.2)
58 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b)
59 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Serbia (GRID:grid.435330.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0475 2277)
60 Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (GRID:grid.7256.6) (ISNI:0000000109409118)
61 Gwangju National University of Education, Gwangju, Korea (GRID:grid.443793.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 0647 5242)
62 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Gatchina, Russia (GRID:grid.430219.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 0619 3376); St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Saint Petersburg, Russia (GRID:grid.430219.d)
63 Gyeongsang National University, Physics Education Department & RINS, Jinju, Korea (GRID:grid.256681.e) (ISNI:0000 0001 0661 1492)
64 Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Japan (GRID:grid.411246.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2111 4080)
65 Funabashi, Toho University, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.27476.30)
66 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
67 Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425051.7) (ISNI:0000 0000 9467 3767); National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
68 Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c)
69 Korea University, Seoul, Korea (GRID:grid.222754.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0840 2678)
70 Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, LPNHE, IN2P3/CNRS, Paris, France (GRID:grid.256681.e)
71 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.256681.e)
72 National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151)
73 University of Bristol, H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol, UK (GRID:grid.5337.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 7603)
74 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.8591.5)
75 Nihon University, College of Industrial Technology, Narashino, Japan (GRID:grid.260969.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2149 8846)
76 Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden (GRID:grid.10548.38) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9377)
77 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8)
78 Funabashi, Toho University, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.18919.38)
79 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.183446.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 8868 5198)
80 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.21626.31)
81 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); Universität Zürich, Physik-Institut, Zürich, Switzerland (GRID:grid.7400.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0650)
82 Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.21626.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0125 8159); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
83 National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151); National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972)
84 Funabashi, Toho University, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.35043.31)
85 Sezione INFN di Napoli, Naples, Italy (GRID:grid.5333.6)
86 Sofia University, Faculty of Physics, Sofia, Bulgaria (GRID:grid.11355.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2192 3275); Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia (GRID:grid.33762.33) (ISNI:0000000406204119)
87 National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 0010 3972); Yandex School of Data Analysis, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.35043.31)
88 Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, LPNHE, IN2P3/CNRS, Paris, France (GRID:grid.11355.33)
89 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.425806.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0656 6476); National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia (GRID:grid.18919.38) (ISNI:0000000406204151)
90 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (KFA), Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.8385.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 2297 375X)
91 Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea (GRID:grid.411277.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0725 5207)
Publication year
2020
Publication date
Mar 2020
ISSN
14346044
e-ISSN
14346052
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2384117034
Copyright
The European Physical Journal C is a copyright of Springer, (2020). All Rights Reserved. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.