Abstract

The 28 September 2018 magnitude Mw7.8 Palu, Indonesia earthquake (0.178° S, 119.840° E, depth 13 km) occurred at 10:02 UTC. The major earthquake triggered catastrophic liquefaction, landslides, and a near-field tsunami. The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) derived from records of 5 ground-based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers is employed to detect tsunami traveling ionospheric disturbances (TTIDs). In total, 15 TTIDs have been detected. The ray-tracing and beamforming techniques are then used to find the TTID source location. The bootstrap method is applied in order to further explore the possible location of the tsunami source based on results of the two techniques, which show the beamforming technique has a slightly better performance on finding possible locations of the tsunami source. Meanwhile, the circle method is employed to examine tsunami signatures of the sea-surface height and video records, and find possible tsunami origin locations. The coincidence of the TTID source location and the tsunami location shows that the ionospheric TEC recorded by local ground-based GNSS receivers can be used to confirm the tsunami occurrence, find the tsunami location, and support the tsunami early warning.

Details

Title
The source detection of 28 September 2018 Sulawesi tsunami by using ionospheric GNSS total electron content disturbance
Author
Liu Jann-Yenq 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Chi-Yen, Lin 2 ; Chen Yuh-Ing 3 ; Tso-Ren, Wu 4 ; Meng-Ju, Chung 4 ; Tien-Chi, Liu 4 ; Yu-Lin, Tsai 4 ; Chang, Loren C 2 ; Chi-Kuang, Chao 2 ; Ouzounov Dimitar 5 ; Hattori Katsumi 6 

1  National Central University, Center for Astronautical Physics and Engineering, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167); National Central University, Department of Space Science and Engineering, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167); National Central University, Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167) 
2  National Central University, Center for Astronautical Physics and Engineering, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167); National Central University, Department of Space Science and Engineering, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167) 
3  National Central University, Graduate Institute of Statistics, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167) 
4  National Central University, Graduate Institute of Hydrological and Oceanic Sciences, Taoyuan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167) 
5  Chapman University, Center of Excellence in Earth Systems, Modeling and Observations, Orange, USA (GRID:grid.254024.5) (ISNI:0000 0000 9006 1798) 
6  Chiba University, Graduate School of Science, Chiba, Japan (GRID:grid.136304.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 0370 1101) 
Publication year
2020
Publication date
Dec 2020
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V.
e-ISSN
21964092
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-020-00160-w
ProQuest document ID
2430526014
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.