Effect of different dosages of organic substrate on the catalase activity and the anthocyanins content in the one-year-old shoots of apple tree

Abstract

Studies were carried out on the catalase and anthocyanins content in the cortex of one-year-old shoots of apple trees using different dosages of introducing an organic substrate at a dose of 10 t/ha; 25 t/ha; 40 t/ha in the fruit garden. Two varieties were used in the experiments: one of the summer term of ripening – Mechta, and one of winter ripening – Bogatyr, which were grafted onto rootstock 54-118. Studies have shown that the use of an organic substrate at a rate of 10 t/ha and 25 t/ha contributed to an increase in frost resistance in both of the studied varieties. Biochemical processes proceeded more smoothly with the addition of 25 t/ha in both of the studied varieties. Respiratory processes proceeded uniformly, as indicated by the activity of catalase; the accumulation and decrease of anthocyanins were observed according to the regularity of the dormancy period of plants. The dose of 40 t/ha contributed to the inhibition of the regular course of biochemical processes in apple trees, which caused reduction of frost resistance of the apple tree. Such plants are subsequently subject to decrease in frost resistance, and as a result – to yield decrease.