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Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder and often associated with altered humoral immune responses. However, distinct B cell maturation stages in peripheral blood in adolescents with AN have not been characterized. Treatment effects and the relationship between clinical and B cell parameters are also not fully understood. Here we investigated the phenotype of circulating B cell subsets and the relationship with body composition in adolescents with AN before (T0, n = 24) and after 6 weeks (T1, n = 20) of treatment. Using multi-parameter flow cytometry, we found increased percentages of antigen-experienced B cells and plasmablasts in patients with AN compared to healthy controls (n = 20). In contrast, percentages of CD1d+CD5+ B cells and transitional B cells with immunoregulatory roles were reduced at T0 and T1. These B cell frequencies correlated positively with fat mass, fat mass index (FMI), free fat mass index, and body mass index standard deviation score. In addition, scavenger-like receptor CD5 expression levels were downregulated on transitional B cells and correlated with fat mass and FMI in AN. Our findings that regulatory B cell subgroups were reduced in AN and their strong relationship with body composition parameters point toward an impact of immunoregulatory B cells in the pathogenesis of AN.
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1 University of Münster, Department of Mental Health, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.5949.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2172 9288); University of Münster, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Cluster, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.5949.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2172 9288)
2 University of Münster, Department of Mental Health, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.5949.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2172 9288)
3 University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Essen, Germany (GRID:grid.5949.1)
4 University Hospital Münster, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.16149.3b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0551 4246)
5 University of Münster, Department of Mental Health, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.5949.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2172 9288); The University of Melbourne, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia (GRID:grid.1008.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 088X); The University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne, Australia (GRID:grid.1008.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 088X)
6 University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Essen, Germany (GRID:grid.1008.9)
7 University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Essen, Germany (GRID:grid.1008.9); University Hospital Münster, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.16149.3b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0551 4246)