Abstract
Background
Contrast-enhanced transcranial duplex (c-TCD) might be more sensitive than transesophageal echo (TEE) for detection of right to left shunting (RLS), which misses some cases with substantial RLS and might be valuable for prediction of recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack in patients with PFO. Our aim is to detect sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced TCD in detection of RLS among stroke patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) in comparison to TEE.
Methods
TEE and contrast-enhanced TCD for cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO were done to detect right to left shunting.
Results
On testing characteristics of TCD in detecting RLS compared to the gold standard of TEE, TCD sensitivity was 85.7%, specificity was 100%, negative predictive value was 96.55%, and positive predictive value was 100%.
Conclusion
We concluded that PFO is considered an important hidden etiology for ischemic stroke. Contrast-enhanced TCD is considered sensitive method for detection of right to left shunting among PFO patients.
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Details
1 Ain Shams University, Neurology Department, Cairo, Egypt (GRID:grid.7269.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0621 1570)
2 Ain Shams University, Cardiology Department, Cairo, Egypt (GRID:grid.7269.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0621 1570)
3 Ain Shams University, Clinical Pathology Department, Cairo, Egypt (GRID:grid.7269.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0621 1570)
4 Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (GRID:grid.7269.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0621 1570)