It appears you don't have support to open PDFs in this web browser. To view this file, Open with your PDF reader
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of single and chronic (10 sessions) whole-body cryotherapy (WBC; 3-min, − 110 °C) on amino acid (AA) profile, myostatin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin and adiponectin in relation to glucose homeostasis. Thirty-five, healthy men were randomly split into experimental (young: 28 ± 7 years and middle-aged: 51 ± 3 years) and control groups. Blood samples were taken before and 1 h after the first and last (10th) WBC session. Baseline myostatin correlated significantly with visceral fat area, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and irisin (all p < 0.05). The single session of WBC induced temporary changes in AA profile, whereas chronic exposure lowered valine and asparagine concentrations (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively) compared to the baseline. The chronic WBC reduced fasting glucose (p = 0.04), FGF21 (− 35.8%, p = 0.06) and myostatin (-18.2%, p = 0.06). Still, the effects were age-dependent. The decrease of myostatin was more pronounced in middle-aged participants (p < 0.01). Concentrations of irisin and adiponectin increased in response to chronic WBC, while BDNF level remained unchanged. By improving the adipo-myokine profile, chronic WBC may reduce effectively the risk of the metabolic syndrome associated with hyperinsulinemia, increased levels of valine and asparagine, and muscle atrophy.
You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer
Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer
Details
1 Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk, Poland (GRID:grid.445131.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 1359 8636)
2 Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Sport, Gdańsk, Poland (GRID:grid.445131.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 1359 8636)
3 Bydgoszcz Kazimierz Wielki University, Department of Sport, Bydgoszcz, Poland (GRID:grid.412085.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 1013 6065)
4 Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Gdańsk, Poland (GRID:grid.11451.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 0531 3426)
5 University of Gdańsk, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Gdańsk, Poland (GRID:grid.8585.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2370 4076)
6 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, Italy (GRID:grid.417776.4)
7 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, Italy (GRID:grid.417776.4); Poznan University of Physical Education, Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan, Poland (GRID:grid.417776.4)
8 Poznan University of Physical Education, Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan, Poland (GRID:grid.417776.4)