Assessment of fasting blood glucose, serum electrolyte, albumin, creatinine, urea and lipid profile among hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive participants at wolaita sodo university teaching and referral hospital, SNNPR, Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract

Background Hypertension is a silent killer that requires long term management to avoid complications. It is one of major public health problem in developing counties like Ethiopia. Hypertension increases the risk of morbidity and mortality and has negative consequences on the cognitive and physical fitness of productivity in adults.

Objective To assess fasting blood glucose, serum electrolyte, albumin, creatinine, urea, and lipid profile among hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive participants at wolaita sodo teaching and referral hospital.

Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020. On the study a total of 156 study participants (78 cases and 78 controls) were involved. Each study participant, after signing informed consent, interviewed about the socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristic features. Then 5ml of the blood sample was collected from each 78 patients with hypertension and each 78 samples from apparently healthy subjects from WSUTRH during the period. Fasting blood glucose, serum electrolyte, albumin, creatinine, urea, and lipid profile level were measured in each group. The Data were analyzed by using Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 21.0 software (IBM Corporation, USA) and results were summarized using means and percentages and presented by using figures and tables. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant at 95% confidence level. Any abnormal laboratory results of study subjects dispatched and communicated with physicians for better management.

Results The mean age of hypertensives and control study groups were 50 ± 10.0 and 51 ±11.3 years respectively. The body mass index of hypertensives and control study groups were 53.4% and 34.2% overweighed respectively. The mean ± SD of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, TG, RFT were significantly increases while serum sodium, calcium, albumin, and HDL-Cholesterol significantly decreased in hypertensives when compared with non-hypertensives and serum potassium was no statistical significance among case and control groups.

Conclusion In present study, we observed that the hypertensive group was at risk for developing biochemical alteration in creatinine, urea, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, electrolytes, and albumin test parameters with an increased period of time.

Recommendation Regular measurements of biochemical parameters strongly needed for hypertensive patients.

Footnotes

* Email: tatekgeher{at}yahoo.com (TG)

*

Abbreviations and Acronyms

BMI

Body mass index

CLSI

Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute

DBP

Diastolic blood pressure

ESRD

End-stage renal disease

FBG

Fasting Blood glucose

HDL-C

High density lipoprotein cholesterol

HTN

Hypertension

IFCC

International Federation of Clinical Chemistry

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

Kg/m²

Kilograms per square meter

LDL-C

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol

mg/dL

mill gram per deciliter

mm Hg

millimeters of mercury

NCD

Non-communicable diseases

OPD

Outpatient department

OR

Odds ratio

RPM

Revolution per Minute

SNNPR

South Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region

SBP

Systolic blood pressure

SOP

Standard Operating Procedure

SPSS

Statistical package for social science

TC

Total cholesterol

TG

Triglyceride

WHO

World health organization

WSUTRH

Wolaita Sodo university teaching and referral hospital