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Abstract
The purpose of present study was to longitudinally investigate the alterations in infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) vascularity in 5/6 nephrectomized rats by using dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI and IPFP degeneration by using MRI T2* relaxation time. Twelve male Sprague–Dawley rats were assigned to a control group and a 5/6 nephrectomy CKD group. The right knees of all rats were longitudinally scanned by 4.7 T MRI, and serial changes in the IPFP were assessed at 0, 8, 16, 30, and 44 weeks by DCE-MRI (parameters A, kel and kep) and MRI T2* mapping. After MRI measurements, knee specimens were obtained and evaluated histologically. The CKD group had IPFPs with lower blood volume A and lower permeability kep values from 16 weeks (p < 0.05), lower venous washout kel value from 30 weeks (p < 0.001), and significantly higher T2* values reflecting adipocyte degeneration beginning at 16 weeks (p < 0.05). The histopathological results confirmed the MRI findings. Hypoperfusion and adipocytes degeneration related to CKD were demonstrated in a rodent 5/6 nephrectomy model. DCE parameters and MRI T2* can serve as imaging biomarkers of fat pad degeneration during CKD progression.
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1 National Defense Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356); National Defense Medical Center, Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356)
2 National Defense Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356)
3 National Defense Medical Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356)
4 National Defense Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356); Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (GRID:grid.415011.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 0572 9992)
5 Tamkang University, Department of Mathematics, New Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.264580.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 1055)
6 National Defense Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356)
7 Academia Sinica, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.28665.3f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2287 1366)
8 National Defense Medical Center, Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260565.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 0356)