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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Oxide ceramics could be attractive high-temperature construction materials for critical structural parts in high-temperature molten salt thermal energy storage systems due to their excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. The 3D-printing technology allows the production of ceramic components with highly complex geometries, and therefore extends their applications. In this work, 3D-printed ZrO2 and Al2O3 ceramics were immersed in molten MgCl2/KCl/NaCl under argon or exposed in argon without molten chlorides at 700 °C for 600 h. Their material properties and microstructure were investigated through three-point-bend (3PB) testing and material analysis with SEM-EDX and XRD. The results show that the 3D-printed Al2O3 maintained its mechanical property after exposure in the strongly corrosive molten chloride salt. The 3D-printed ZrO2 had an enhanced 3PB strength after molten salt exposure, whereas no change was observed after exposure in argon at 700 °C. The material analysis shows that some of the ZrO2 on the sample surface changed its crystal structure and shape (T→M phase transformation) after molten salt exposure, which could be the reason for the enhanced 3PB strength. The thermodynamic calculation shows that the T→M transformation could be caused by the reaction of the Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 with MgCl2 (mainly Y2O3 and ZrO2 with gaseous MgCl2). In conclusion, the 3D-printed ZrO2 and Al2O3 ceramics have excellent compatibility with corrosive molten chlorides at high temperatures and thus show a sound application potential as construction materials for molten chlorides.

Details

Title
Compatibility of 3D-Printed Oxide Ceramics with Molten Chloride Salts for High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage in Next-Generation CSP Plants
Author
Ding, Wenjin 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Shi, Yuan 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Braun, Markus 1 ; Kessel, Fiona 2 ; Frieß, Martin 2 ; Bonk, Alexander 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Bauer, Thomas 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (A.B.) 
 Institute of Structures and Design, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; [email protected] (F.K.); [email protected] (M.F.) 
 Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany; [email protected] 
First page
2599
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
19961073
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2528257940
Copyright
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.