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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

We determined the phenotypic profile of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolated from 698 samples (390 and 308 from poultry and domestic pigs, respectively). In total, 562 Enterobacteria were isolated. About 80.5% of the isolates were E. coli. Occurrence of E. coli was significantly higher among domestic pigs (73.1%) than in poultry (60.5%) (p = 0.000). In both poultry and domestic pigs, E. coli isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline (63.5%), nalidixic acid (53.7%), ampicillin (52.3%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (50.9%). About 51.6%, 65.3%, and 53.7% of E. coli were MDR, extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE), and quinolone-resistant, respectively. A total of 68% of the extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers were also resistant to quinolones. For all tested antibiotics, resistance was significantly higher in ESBL-producing and quinolone-resistant isolates than the non-ESBL producers and non-quinolone-resistant E. coli. Eight isolates were resistant to eight classes of antimicrobials. We compared phenotypic with genotypic results of 20 MDR E. coli isolates, ESBL producers, and quinolone-resistant strains and found 80% harbored blaCTX-M, 15% aac(6)-lb-cr, 10% qnrB, and 5% qepA. None harbored TEM, SHV, qnrA, qnrS, qnrC, or qnrD. The observed pattern and level of resistance render this portfolio of antibiotics ineffective for their intended use.

Details

Title
Multidrug-Resistant, Including Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing and Quinolone-Resistant, Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry and Domestic Pigs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Author
Kimera, Zuhura I 1 ; Mgaya, Fauster X 2 ; Misinzo, Gerald 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mshana, Stephen E 4 ; Moremi, Nyambura 5 ; Mecky I N Matee 6 

 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania; [email protected] (F.X.M.); [email protected] (M.I.N.M.); Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Dodoma 40487, Tanzania; SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania; [email protected] 
 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania; [email protected] (F.X.M.); [email protected] (M.I.N.M.) 
 SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania; [email protected]; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania 
 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza 33109, Tanzania; [email protected] 
 Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dar es Salaam 11101, Tanzania; [email protected] 
 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania; [email protected] (F.X.M.); [email protected] (M.I.N.M.); SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania; [email protected] 
First page
406
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20796382
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2528293298
Copyright
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.