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Abstract
Genetics is a promptly developing scientific field. As the genetic methods are evolving, so are sampling procedures. Originally, most of the sampling approaches were severely harming for the subjects, but with improving techniques, a small piece of tissue is enough for the analysis. Currently, it is possible to obtain the sample without damaging the subject. A sampling of aquatic organisms, mainly those occurring in lower population densities, can be quite complicated. That complicates the early detection of biological invasions, however, with modern methods this problem could be solved. One of such methods is eDNA which allows us to obtain genetic information without direct contact with the target organisms. It is important to assess the advantages and disadvantages when considering the best method for specific research questions in accordance to specific field conditions.
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Details
1 Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha–Suchdol, Czech Republic
2 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis Darmaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Campus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, Indonesia