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© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Sleep plays a primary function for health and sustains physical and cognitive performance. Although various stimulation systems for enhancing sleep have been developed, they are difficult to use on a long-term basis. This paper proposes a novel stimulation system and confirms its feasibility for sleep. Specifically, in this study, a closed-loop vibration stimulation system that detects the heart rate (HR) and applies −n% stimulus beats per minute (BPM) computed on the basis of the previous 5 min of HR data was developed. Ten subjects participated in the evaluation experiment, in which they took a nap for approximately 90 min. The experiment comprised one baseline and three stimulation conditions. HR variability analysis showed that the normalized low frequency (LF) and LF/high frequency (HF) parameters significantly decreased compared to the baseline condition, while the normalized HF parameter significantly increased under the −3% stimulation condition. In addition, the HR density around the stimulus BPM significantly increased under the −3% stimulation condition. The results confirm that the proposed stimulation system could influence heart rhythm and stabilize the autonomic nervous system. This study thus provides a new stimulation approach to enhance the quality of sleep and has the potential for enhancing health levels through sleep manipulation.

Details

Title
Effect of Closed-Loop Vibration Stimulation on Heart Rhythm during Naps
Author
Sang Ho Choi 1 ; Yoon, Heenam 2 ; Jin, Hyung Won 1 ; Hyun Bin Kwon 3 ; Oh, Seong Min 4 ; Yu Jin Lee 4 ; Park, Kwang Suk 5 

 Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; [email protected] (S.H.C.); [email protected] (H.W.J.); [email protected] (H.B.K.) 
 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Software Center, LG Electronics, Seoul 06772, Korea; [email protected] 
 Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; [email protected] (S.H.C.); [email protected] (H.W.J.); [email protected] (H.B.K.); Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea 
 Department of Neuropsychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; [email protected] (S.M.O.); [email protected] (Y.J.L.) 
 Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea 
First page
4136
Publication year
2019
Publication date
2019
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
14248220
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2535597231
Copyright
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.