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Abstract
The dryland belt (DLB) in Northern Eurasia is the largest contiguous dryland on Earth. During the last century, changes here have included land use change (e.g. expansion of croplands and cities), resource extraction (e.g. coal, ores, oil, and gas), rapid institutional shifts (e.g. collapse of the Soviet Union), climatic changes, and natural disturbances (e.g. wildfires, floods, and dust storms). These factors intertwine, overlap, and sometimes mitigate, but can sometimes feedback upon each other to exacerbate their synergistic and cumulative effects. Thus, it is important to properly document each of these external and internal factors and to characterize the structural relationships among them in order to develop better approaches to alleviating negative consequences of these regional environmental changes. This paper addresses the climatic changes observed over the DLB in recent decades and outlines possible links of these changes (both impacts and feedback) with other external and internal factors of contemporary regional environmental changes and human activities within the DLB.
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1 North Carolina State University at NOAA Center for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina, United States of America; P. P Shirshov Institute for Oceanology, RAS, Moscow, Russia; Hydrology Science and Services Corp., Asheville, North Carolina, United States of America
2 Russian Institute for Hydrometeorological Information, Obninsk, Kaluga Area, Russia
3 Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
4 State Hydrological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
5 Earth Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
6 Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
7 Sukachev Institute of Forest, Krasnoyarsk Federal Research Center, SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
8 P. P Shirshov Institute for Oceanology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
9 P. P Shirshov Institute for Oceanology, RAS, Moscow, Russia; Lab. de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, Joseph Fourier Univ., Grenoble, France
10 Lab. de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, Joseph Fourier Univ., Grenoble, France
11 Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
12 University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary
13 Joint Stock Company ‘Zhasyl Damu’ of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
14 National Center for Space Research and Technologies, Almaty, Kazakhstan