Technology in Libraries: 1960-2000

Abstract

New technologies used by libraries include computers, minicomputers, photocopiers, audiovisual equipment, videocable, and satellite. Cataloging is a major area of computer application, with the MARC (MAchine Readable Cataloging) format developed by the Library of Congress providing batch mode services, and the more sophisticated OCLC (Ohio College Library Center) bibliographic data base providing online retrieval and entry of information for cataloging monographs. The success of OCLC has encouraged establishment of regional library networks, as well as several other online systems, and control of serials and periodicals via computer is now in experimental stages through the CONSER (CONversion of SERials) project. Minicomputers have been readily adapted to library circulation systems and are widely accepted in public libraries. Online information retrieval, which was initially a tool for special libraries, is beginning to be offered by public and academic libraries, although the expense of such systems usually demand part or full recovery of search costs from the patron and the controversy of fee-for-service vs. no-charge has yet to be resolved. Continuing education for librarians and education for library patrons are important for the acceptance of future developments in library technology. (Author/JAB)