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Abstract
Nanocellulose produced by 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-catalyzed oxidation, described as TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs), has a high density of negative charges on its surface. Its use in microbial fermentation systems is expected to be beneficial. In particular, microbial stability is required in acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Here, TOCNs derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches pulp were added to extractive ABE fermentation media, followed by microbial fermentation. The results showed that the presence of TOCNs induced higher total butanol production in broth by improving the growth environment of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4, which was used as the butanol-producing strain. Electrostatic repulsion between anionic surface carboxylate groups of TOCNs and negatively-charged bacteria made a positive contribution to the microenvironment for bacterial growth. The addition of TOCNs to fermentation media had significant positive effects on the total butanol yield density cell weight (DCW).
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Details
1 Department Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Forest Products Research and Development Center, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia
2 Department of Innovative Science and Technology for Bio-industry, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu niversity, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Jember, Jalan Kalimantan, Kampus Tegal Boto, Jember, East Java 68121, Indonesia
3 Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Aquatic Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Raya Dramaga, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia
4 Department Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
5 Department of Innovative Science and Technology for Bio-industry, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu niversity, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
6 Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan