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© 2020. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Lake Pavin originated from water filling of a maar crater that erupted violently about 6700 years ago. In the early maar, lake water attained a high level within a pristine crater. Then, over time, local degradation of the inner walls of the crater rim allowed the lake level to decrease steadily but unevenly. This has been followed, for an unknown number of centuries, by human action that disrupted natural processes occurring in the lake. The current elevation of the lake, ca. 1,197 m a.s.l., results from a several centuries long history, but changes in the lake body have recently drawn attention from scientists, particularly as catastrophic events such as overbank and floods may have occurred in the recent past or might occur in the future. We unravel the most recent period of this history, namely the past three centuries, using publications, manuscripts, maps, photographs and unpublished reports as well. In parallel, the history of fluctuations of the Pavin Lake has been analyzed by teams of sedimentologists using sediment cores retrieved from the bottom of the lake. Lithofacies and sediment types have been shown by these scientists to be markers of past fluctuations of the lake water column, which may have been sudden events. In such cases, depth is a major parameter of the discussion. Consequently, it must be accounted for the recent variations of the level of the lake, mostly those from anthropic origin. This can be done by introducing correcting factors quoted in meters. However, the fluctuations in lake elevation as published in the scientific literature are scattered and poorly documented. To overcome this difficulty, we have revised the available historic documentation. Once the historic dataset was revised, we have elaborated and compared a scenario to results, discussion and conclusions from the most recent scientific articles. The key points of this work are as follows: a few articles have claimed that the lake rim spillway artificially dropped by about 4 m or alternatively raised the lake level by about 2 m during the XVIIIth century and/or the XIXth century. Here we have found no evidence for human impact. In contrast, we show that the level of the lake has remained within about 1 m of the current elevation since the beginning of the XVIIIth century. Based on dated cores, sedimentologists have demonstrated that the lake level experienced a sudden drop around 600 AD. This catastrophic event was triggered by, or alternatively, triggered the failure of the maar rim. Several authors have claimed that the instantaneous lake level drop was in the range of 6.5, 9 or as high as 13 m. Here we show that the level drop was in the order of 9 m, and was not instantaneous. This corresponds to the total height range cumulated between the initial sudden drop less than 9 m in height, which occurred around 600 AD, and the current lake level. Between 600 AD and at least two centuries ago, the lake level remained for some time around 4.8 m above the present level.

Details

Title
Variations récentes de niveau du lac Pavin : essai de mise en cohérence des différentes sources d’information
Author
Miallier, Didier
Publication year
2020
Publication date
2020
Publisher
EDP Sciences
ISSN
0037-9409
e-ISSN
1777-5817
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
French
ProQuest document ID
2566171318
Copyright
© 2020. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.