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© 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

COVID‐19 is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities, including the deficiencies in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and glutathione metabolism. Here it is investigated if administration of a mixture of combined metabolic activators (CMAs) consisting of glutathione and NAD+ precursors can restore metabolic function and thus aid the recovery of COVID‐19 patients. CMAs include l‐serine, N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine, nicotinamide riboside, and l‐carnitine tartrate, salt form of l‐carnitine. Placebo‐controlled, open‐label phase 2 study and double‐blinded phase 3 clinical trials are conducted to investigate the time of symptom‐free recovery on ambulatory patients using CMAs. The results of both studies show that the time to complete recovery is significantly shorter in the CMA group (6.6 vs 9.3 d) in phase 2 and (5.7 vs 9.2 d) in phase 3 trials compared to placebo group. A comprehensive analysis of the plasma metabolome and proteome reveals major metabolic changes. Plasma levels of proteins and metabolites associated with inflammation and antioxidant metabolism are significantly improved in patients treated with CMAs as compared to placebo. The results show that treating patients infected with COVID‐19 with CMAs lead to a more rapid symptom‐free recovery, suggesting a role for such a therapeutic regime in the treatment of infections leading to respiratory problems.

Details

Title
Combined Metabolic Activators Accelerates Recovery in Mild‐to‐Moderate COVID‐19
Author
Altay, Ozlem 1 ; Arif, Muhammad 2 ; Li, Xiangyu 2 ; Yang, Hong 2 ; Aydın, Mehtap 3 ; Alkurt, Gizem 4 ; Kim, Woonghee 2 ; Akyol, Dogukan 4 ; Zhang, Cheng 5 ; Gizem Dinler‐Doganay 6 ; Turkez, Hasan 7 ; Shoaie, Saeed 8 ; Nielsen, Jens 9 ; Borén, Jan 10 ; Oktay Olmuscelik 11 ; Doganay, Levent 12 ; Uhlén, Mathias 2 ; Mardinoglu, Adil 8   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Dr Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey 
 Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden 
 Department of Infectious Diseases, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey 
 Genomic Laboratory (GLAB), Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey 
 Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China 
 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 
 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey 
 Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Host‐Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK 
 Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden 
10  Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden 
11  Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey 
12  Department of Gastroenterology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey 
Section
Research Articles
Publication year
2021
Publication date
Sep 2021
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
e-ISSN
21983844
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2570212081
Copyright
© 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.