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Abstract
We investigated bulk and thin-film samples of the quaternary p-type semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) by μSR, in order to characterize the existing muonium signals. We find that the majority of the implanted muons form a diamagnetic state broadened by an interaction with the Cu nuclear moments, which we interpret as Mu+ bound to sulphur. A paramagnetic fraction is also present at low temperatures and the ratio between the two muon charge states, Mu+ and Mu0, varies between 20 and 40% prior to the onset of muon diffusion, which occurs at around 150 K. The fraction of Mu0 is found to be sensitive to the defect content of the sample. The paramagnetic fraction has two different contributions and their origin is discussed and related with the muon role as a probe for charge carriers in the material.
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Details
1 CEMDRX, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, R. Larga, P-3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
2 I3N and Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
3 International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
4 Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajatetee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
5 Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland