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© 2021. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

There have been many studies of marine fog, some using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and other models. Several model studies report overpredictions of near-surface liquid water content (Qc), leading to visibility estimates that are too low. This study has found the same. One possible cause of this overestimation could be the treatment of a surface deposition rate of fog droplets at the underlying water surface. Most models, including the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) Model, available from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), take account of gravitational settling of cloud droplets throughout the domain and at the surface. However, there should be an additional deposition as turbulence causes fog droplets to collide and coalesce with the water surface. A water surface, or any wet surface, can then be an effective sink for fog water droplets. This process can be parameterized as an additional deposition velocity with a model that could be based on a roughness length for water droplets, z0c, that may be significantly larger than the roughness length for water vapour, z0q. This can be implemented in WRF either as a variant of the Katata scheme for deposition to vegetation or via direct modifications in boundary-layer modules.

Details

Title
Surface deposition of marine fog and its treatment in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model
Author
Taylor, Peter A 1 ; Chen, Zheqi 1 ; Cheng, Li 1 ; Afsharian, Soudeh 1 ; Weng, Wensong 1 ; Isaac, George A 2 ; Bullock, Terry W 3 ; Chen, Yongsheng 1 

 Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada 
 Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Weather Impacts Consulting Incorporated, 20 Pine Ridge Trail, Barrie, Ontario L4M 4Y8, Canada 
 Met-Ocean & Digital Environment Solutions, 133 Crosbie Road, St. John's, NL A1B 4A5, Canada 
Pages
14687-14702
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
ISSN
16807316
e-ISSN
16807324
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2578941270
Copyright
© 2021. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.