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Abstract
Crop heterogeneity constitutes the basis for taking managerial decisions in precision farming systems. Although the general perception is that heterogeneity within a plot is related to heterogeneity of soil cover, this needs further study and remains an active subject of research. This paper examines the relationship between the heterogeneity of different crops in the Tula region of the Russian Federation based on vegetation observations during the period 2015–2020 with the mapping units of a large (scale 1:10,000) soil map. NDVI values calculated from Sentinel-2 satellite data were used as a measure of crop heterogeneity. The comparison of NDVI values and the soil mapping units showed that there is a degree of correlation which, however, was not particularly high. Results indicate that correlation depends on the crop type, the phenological phase of vegetation, as well as on the meteorological conditions during the vegetation season, the soil moisture and the presence of weeds. It could be concluded that the soil map alone cannot be used as a reliable source for explaining crop heterogeneity in the Tula region and that other factors should be considered.
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1 Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, 7, Pyzhevsky per., Moscow 119017, Russian Federation; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation; Belgorod State University, 85, Pobedy st., Belgorod 308015, Russian Federation
2 Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation; National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), 23, Joseph Tito st., Cairo 1564, Egypt
3 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, Thessaloniki, 54124 Hellas
4 Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
5 Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49, Timiryazev st., Moscow 127550, Russian Federation