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© 2020. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

En base a un análisis etnográfico multisituado conducido en Ecuador entre 2015 y 2017, este artículo analiza cómo en el marco del mayor progresismo constitucional en materia migratoria, en el país de la “ciudadanía universal”, varios mecanismos legales y sociales fueron adoptados y terminaron confinando a migrantes y refugiados regionales y extracontinentales a encarnar situaciones de ilegalidad, posible deportación y desechabilidad. Se parte de una revisión teórica sobre el régimen de control fronterizo neoliberal global y sobre cómo la producción legal de la ilegalidad migrante es nodal en su funcionamiento, para después analizar por qué inmigrantes caribeños, africanos y de Medio Oriente escogieron a Ecuador como su destino, cuáles fueron los principales reveses e incongruencias en la política migratoria y cómo éstos impactaron en la cotidianeidad de esos inmigrantes hasta multiplicar sus salidas irregularizadas posteriores. El artículo constata que el giro progresista ecuatoriano no estuvo exento de mecanismos análogos al régimen de control fronterizo neoliberal global, hecho que ayuda a comprender el rol que el país andino cumple en la geopolítica de las migraciones contemporáneas: ser un espacio de producción de migrantes ilegalizados o mano de obra barata en ruta a EE.UU., rol que confirma su funcionalidad como un nodo conector dentro de un sistema mucho más amplio y complejo de control neoliberal de la movilidad.

Alternate abstract:

Drawing upon a multi-site ethnography conducted in Ecuador between 2015 and 2017, this article analyses how, in the context of major constitutional progressiveness in migration matters, in the country of “universal citizenship”, various legal and social mechanisms were adopted which ended up confining regional and extra-continental migrants and refugees to embody situations of illegality, possible deportation and disposability. Four sections make up this article. The starting point is a theoretical review on neoliberal global border regime and how the legal production of migrant illegality is nodal for its functioning. Then, it analyses why Caribbean, African, and Middle Eastern immigrants chose Ecuador as their destination; what were the main setbacks and incongruities in migration policy; and how these impacted on the daily lives of immigrants to the point of multiplying their subsequent departures. The article concludes by stating that Ecuador’s progressive turn was not exempt from mechanisms analogous to the global neoliberal border control regime, a fact that helps to understand the role the Andean country plays in the geopolitics of contemporary migration: being a space for the production of illegalized migrants, or cheap labour force en route to the United States, a role that confirms its functionality as a connecting node within a much broader and more complex system of neoliberal control of mobility.

Details

Title
Ilegalizados en Ecuador, el país de la “ciudadanía universal”
Author
Soledad Álvarez Velasco  VIAFID ORCID Logo 
Pages
138-170
Section
Dossier
Publication year
2020
Publication date
2020
Publisher
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Sociologia
ISSN
1517-4522
e-ISSN
1807-0337
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
Spanish
ProQuest document ID
2597898567
Copyright
© 2020. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.