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Abstract
La historia de los oasis sudcalifornianos muestra la adaptabilidad social a condiciones ambientales extremas (aislamiento, aridez e imposiciones sociopolíticas), la autosuficiencia en el manejo sustentable del agua y la tierra, y la austeridad en la producción y el consumo. Esta historia inicia con la producción del espacio misional creado por los jesuitas en los humedales convertidos en oasis y continua con su ampliación al secano, donde las comunidades rancheras practican la ganadería extensiva. La modernización de la economía local conduce los oasis hacia la extinción y condena la identidad oasiana a la desaparición. Este artículo es una reflexión de ciclo largo para explicar el éxito (y fracaso) del sistema agroecológico de los oasis en Baja California Sur.
The history of South Californian oases shows social adaptability to extreme environmental conditions (isolation, aridity and socio-political impositions), self-sufficiency in terms of water and land management, and austerity in production and consumption. This starts with the introduction of missionary areas created by Jesuits in wetlands converted into oases, and continues with their extension into the dry lands, where ranching communities practised extensive cattle farming. The modernisation of the local economy leads to the extinction of the oases and condemns the oasis identity to disappear. This article is a long-term analysis which explains the success (and failure) of the oases agro-ecological system in South Lower California
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