Fabrication of protein-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles for cellular uptake fluorescence imaging and treatment of colorectal cancer

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) coated with different proteins has exhibited exceptional bio-compatibility, leading to various biomedical engineering applications. With the use of green and chemical reduction methods, we fabricated Titanium dioxide nanoparticles that were protein-coated. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme proteins, zein, and collagen have been used to coat titanium dioxide-aryl nanoparticles of the form TiO₂-NPs. However, in both cases, no catalysts or other stabilizing agents were used. These images of TiO₂-NPs fabricated using the green method show high crystallinity. It is a malignant colorectal tumour with dysfunctional cellular processes that cause colorectal cancer cells. It is hoped that studies employing SW1417 cells would give mechanistic ideas on the specifics of the amplification in cancers. This was done by flow cytometry utilizing and laser confocal fluorescence microscopy (LCFM) on the SW1417 colorectal cell line. Of the protein-coated Titanium dioxide nanoparticles fabricated green methods, BSA@TiO₂-NPs were the most readily absorbed. Of all TiO₂-NPs, lysozyme@TiO₂-NPs fabricated by the chemical reduction technique were the most effectively internalized by SW1417 cells out of TiO₂-NPs types. However, TiO₂-NPs fabricated by the green methodology were coated with zein and lysozyme and tiny. A hydrophobic covering is also on the two nanoparticles. There is a possibility that the variation in hydrophobicity and charge affected the internalization process. Colorectal diagnostic and therapeutic compounds might be synthesized from those coated nanoparticles that were effectively internalized.