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Abstract
In high-yielding dairy cows, the rapidly increasing milk production after parturition can result in a negative nutrient balance, since feed intake is insufficient to cover the needs for lactation. Mobilizing body reserves, mainly adipose tissue (AT), might affect steroid metabolism. We hypothesized, that cows differing in the extent of periparturient lipomobilization, will have divergent steroid profiles measured in serum and subcutaneous (sc)AT by a targeted metabolomics approach and steroidogenic enzyme profiles in scAT and liver. Fifteen weeks antepartum, 38 multiparous Holstein cows were allocated to a high (HBCS) or normal body condition (NBCS) group fed differently until week 7 antepartum to either increase (HBCS BCS: 3.8 ± 0.1 and BFT: 2.0 ± 0.1 cm; mean ± SEM) or maintain BCS (NBCS BCS: 3.0 ± 0.1 and BFT: 0.9 ± 0.1 cm). Blood samples, liver, and scAT biopsies were collected at week −7, 1, 3, and 12 relative to parturition. Greater serum concentrations of progesterone, androsterone, and aldosterone in HBCS compared to NBCS cows after parturition, might be attributed to the increased mobilization of AT. Greater glucocorticoid concentrations in scAT after parturition in NBCS cows might either influence local lipogenesis by differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes and/or inflammatory response.
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1 University of Bonn, Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, Bonn, Germany (GRID:grid.10388.32) (ISNI:0000 0001 2240 3300); University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, Animal Nutrition and Hygiene Unit, Bingen am Rhein, Germany (GRID:grid.449744.e) (ISNI:0000 0000 9323 0139)
2 University of Bonn, Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, Bonn, Germany (GRID:grid.10388.32) (ISNI:0000 0001 2240 3300)
3 University of Tabriz, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz, Iran (GRID:grid.412831.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 1172 3536)
4 Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Neuherberg, Germany (GRID:grid.4567.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 0483 2525)
5 Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany (GRID:grid.4567.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 0483 2525); Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Department of Biochemistry, Singapore, Singapore (GRID:grid.4280.e) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 6431); University of Ljubljana, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia (GRID:grid.8954.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 0721 6013)
6 Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, Muenchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany (GRID:grid.8954.0)
7 Thünen Institute of Organic Farming, Westerau, Germany (GRID:grid.8954.0)
8 University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, Animal Nutrition and Hygiene Unit, Bingen am Rhein, Germany (GRID:grid.449744.e) (ISNI:0000 0000 9323 0139)