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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Simple Summary

Malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer is associated with worse clinical evolution and prognosis. Accurate nutritional assessments allow for early-identification of patients at risk of malnutrition. We aimed to perform a novel morphofunctional nutritional evaluation, including molecular analysis in patients with head and neck cancer who are undergoing systemic treatment. A morphofunctional nutritional assessment includes bioimpedance, anthropometric, ultrasound and biochemical measurements. We observed that malnutrition induces a profound alteration in the gene-expression pattern of inflammasome-machinery components, which are related with clinical nutritional parameters. This molecular analysis should be further studied as potential targets for nutrition-focused treatment strategies in cancer patients.

Abstract

Malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer is frequent, multifactorial and widely associated with clinical evolution and prognosis. Accurate nutritional assessments allow for early identification of patients at risk of malnutrition in order to start nutritional support and prevent sarcopenia. We aimed to perform a novel morphofunctional nutritional evaluation and explore changes in inflammasome-machinery components in 45 patients with head and neck cancer who are undergoing systemic treatment. To this aim, an epidemiological/clinical/anthropometric/biochemical evaluation was performed. Serum RCP, IL6 and molecular expression of inflammasome-components and inflammatory-associated factors (NOD-like-receptors, inflammasome-activation-components, cytokines and inflammation/apoptosis-related components, cell-cycle and DNA-damage regulators) were evaluated in peripheral-blood mononuclear-cells (PBMCs). Clinical-molecular correlations/associations were analyzed. Coherent and complementary information was obtained in the morphofunctional nutritional assessment of the patients when bioimpedance, anthropometric and ultrasound data were analyzed. These factors were also correlated with different biochemical and molecular parameters, revealing the complementary aspect of the whole evaluation. Serum reactive C protein (RCP) and IL6 were the most reliable parameters for determining patients with decreased standardized phase angle, which is associated with increased mortality in patients with solid malignancies. Several inflammasome-components were dysregulated in patients with malnutrition, decreased phase angle and dependency grade or increased circulating inflammation markers. A molecular fingerprint based on gene-expression of certain inflammasome factors (p27/CCL2/ASC) in PBMCs accurately differentiated patients with and without malnutrition. In conclusion, malnutrition induces a profound alteration in the gene-expression pattern of inflammasome-machinery components in PBMCs. A comprehensive nutritional assessment including novel morphofunctional techniques and molecular markers allows a broad characterization of the nutritional status in cancer patients. Profile of certain inflammasome-components should be further studied as potential targets for nutrition-focused treatment strategies in cancer patients.

Details

Title
Morphofunctional and Molecular Assessment of Nutritional Status in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Systemic Treatment: Role of Inflammasome in Clinical Nutrition
Author
León-Idougourram, Soraya 1 ; Pérez-Gómez, Jesús M 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Concepción Muñoz Jiménez 1 ; L-López, Fernando 3 ; Gregorio Manzano García 1 ; Molina Puertas, María José 1 ; Herman-Sánchez, Natalia 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Alonso-Echague, Rosario 1 ; Continente, Alfonso Calañas 1 ; María Ángeles Gálvez Moreno 1 ; Luque, Raúl M 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gahete, Manuel D 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Herrera-Martínez, Aura D 1 

 Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; [email protected] (S.L.-I.); [email protected] (J.M.P.-G.); [email protected] (C.M.J.); [email protected] (F.L.-L.); [email protected] (G.M.G.); [email protected] (M.J.M.P.); [email protected] (N.H.-S.); [email protected] (R.A.-E.); [email protected] (A.C.C.); [email protected] (M.Á.G.M.); Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain 
 Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; [email protected] (S.L.-I.); [email protected] (J.M.P.-G.); [email protected] (C.M.J.); [email protected] (F.L.-L.); [email protected] (G.M.G.); [email protected] (M.J.M.P.); [email protected] (N.H.-S.); [email protected] (R.A.-E.); [email protected] (A.C.C.); [email protected] (M.Á.G.M.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain 
 Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; [email protected] (S.L.-I.); [email protected] (J.M.P.-G.); [email protected] (C.M.J.); [email protected] (F.L.-L.); [email protected] (G.M.G.); [email protected] (M.J.M.P.); [email protected] (N.H.-S.); [email protected] (R.A.-E.); [email protected] (A.C.C.); [email protected] (M.Á.G.M.) 
First page
494
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20726694
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2627535827
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.