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Abstract
Graphene is known as an atomically thin, transparent, highly electrically and thermally conductive, light-weight, and the strongest 2D material. We investigate disruptive application of graphene as a target of laser-driven ion acceleration. We develop large-area suspended graphene (LSG) and by transferring graphene layer by layer we control the thickness with precision down to a single atomic layer. Direct irradiations of the LSG targets generate MeV protons and carbons from sub-relativistic to relativistic laser intensities from low contrast to high contrast conditions without plasma mirror, evidently showing the durability of graphene.
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1 Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.136593.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0373 3971); Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.136593.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0373 3971)
2 Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.136593.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0373 3971)
3 National Central University, Department of Physics, Jhongli, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167); Kyushu University, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kasuga, Japan (GRID:grid.177174.3) (ISNI:0000 0001 2242 4849)
4 National Central University, Department of Physics, Jhongli, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167)
5 National Central University, Department of Physics, Jhongli, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167); Academia Sinica and National Central University, Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167)
6 National Central University, Department of Physics, Jhongli, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167); National Cheng Kung University, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, Tainan City, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
7 National Central University, Graduate Institute of Energy Engineering, Jhongli, Taiwan (GRID:grid.37589.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3167)
8 Osaka University, Institute of Laser Engineering, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.136593.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0373 3971)
9 University of York, Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, York, UK (GRID:grid.5685.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9668); Glen Eastman Energy b.v., Rotterdam, The Netherlands (GRID:grid.5685.e)
10 University of York, Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, York, UK (GRID:grid.5685.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9668)
11 Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.136593.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0373 3971); Institut Polytechnique de Paris, LULI, CNRS, CEA, Ecole Polytechnique,UPMC, Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Universites, Palaiseau cedex, France (GRID:grid.508893.f)
12 Tohoku University, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Sendai, Japan (GRID:grid.69566.3a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2248 6943)
13 Kobe University, Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe, Japan (GRID:grid.31432.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 1092 3077)
14 National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Kansai Photon Science Institute (KPSI), Kizugawa, Japan (GRID:grid.31432.37)