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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory illness affecting the joints. The characteristic of RA is gradual joint deterioration. Current RA treatment alleviates signs such as inflammation and pain and substantially slows the progression of the disease. In this study, we aimed to boost the transdermal delivery of berberine (a natural product) by encapsulating it in chitosan, surface-modified bilosomes nanogel for better management of the inflammation of RA. The chitosan-coated bilosomes loaded with berberine (BER-CTS-BLS) were formulated according to the thin-film hydration approach and optimized for various causal variables, considering the effect of lipid, sodium deoxycholate, and chitosan concentrations on the size of the particles, entrapment, and the surface charge. The optimized BER-CTS-BLS has 202.3 nm mean diameter, 83.8% entrapment, and 30.8 mV surface charge. The optimized BER-CTS-BLS exhibited a delayed-release profile in vitro and increased skin permeability ex vivo. Additionally, histological examination revealed that the formulated BLS had no irritating effects on the skin. Furthermore, the optimized BER-CTS-BLS ability to reduce inflammation was evaluated in rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema. Our results demonstrate that the group treated with topical BER-CTS-BLS gel exhibited a dramatic reduction in rat paw edema swelling percentage to reach 24.4% after 12 h, which was substantially lower than other groups. Collectively, chitosan-coated bilosomes containing berberine have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to control RA inflammation.

Details

Title
Surface-Modified Bilosomes Nanogel Bearing a Natural Plant Alkaloid for Safe Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis Inflammation
Author
Elkomy, Mohammed H 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Alruwaili, Nabil K 1 ; Elmowafy, Mohammed 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Shalaby, Khaled 1 ; Ameeduzzafar Zafar 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ahmad, Naveed 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Alsalahat, Izzeddin 2 ; Ghoneim, Mohammed M 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Eissa, Essam M 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Eid, Hussein M 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (N.K.A.); [email protected] (M.E.); [email protected] (K.S.); [email protected] (A.Z.); [email protected] (N.A.) 
 UK Dementia Research Institute Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 1TP, UK; [email protected]; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan 
 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 
 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; [email protected] (E.M.E.); [email protected] (H.M.E.) 
First page
563
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
19994923
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2642459442
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.