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Abstract
This nationwide population-based cohort study evaluated the association between female reproductive factors and the incidence of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and retinal artery occlusion (RAO) using data provided by the Korea National Health Insurance Service. A total of 2,289,347 postmenopausal women over 50 years of age who participated in both national health screening and cancer screening in 2013 or 2014 were included. Data on female reproductive factors, including age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, history of hormone replacement therapy, and oral contraceptive pill usage, were collected. Patients were followed up until December 2018, and incident cases of RVO and RAO were identified using registered diagnostic codes from claim data. During an average follow-up period of 4.90 years, 7461 and 1603 patients were newly diagnosed with RVO and RAO, respectively. In the multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model, patients who experienced menopause after 55 years of age had a lower risk of RVO and RAO development compared to those who had menopause before 45 years of age, with a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.83 (0.76–0.95) for RVO and 0.80 (0.66‒0.98) for RAO. In conclusion, early menopause was an independent risk factor for future development of RVO and RAO.
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1 Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X); Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
2 Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
3 University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.267370.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0533 4667)
4 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X); Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)
5 Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)