It appears you don't have support to open PDFs in this web browser. To view this file, Open with your PDF reader
Abstract
Outdoor biting by anopheline mosquitoes is one of the contributors to residual malaria transmission, but the profile of vectors driving this phenomenon is not well understood. Here, we studied the bionomics and genetically characterized populations of An. gambiae and An. funestus complexes trapped outdoors in three selected dryland areas including Kerio Valley, Nguruman and Rabai in Kenya. We observed a higher abundance of Anopheles funestus group members (n = 639, 90.6%) compared to those of the An. gambiae complex (n = 66, 9.4%) with An. longipalpis C as the dominant vector species with a Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite rate (Pfsp) of 5.2% (19/362). The known malaria vectors including An. funestus s.s. (8.7%, 2/23), An. gambiae (14.3%, 2/14), An. rivulorum (14.1%, 9/64), An. arabiensis (1.9%, 1/52) occurred in low densities and displayed high Pfsp rates, which varied with the site. Additionally, six cryptic species found associated with the An. funestus group harbored Pf sporozoites (cumulative Pfsp rate = 7.2%, 13/181). We detected low frequency of resistant 119F-GSTe2 alleles in An. funestus s.s. (15.6%) and An. longipalpis C (3.1%) in Kerio Valley only. Evidence of outdoor activity, emergence of novel and divergent vectors and detection of mutations conferring metabolic resistance to pyrethroid/DDT could contribute to residual malaria transmission posing a threat to effective malaria control.
You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer
Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer
Details
1 International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya (GRID:grid.419326.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1794 5158); University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya (GRID:grid.10604.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2019 0495)
2 International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya (GRID:grid.419326.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1794 5158); University of Pretoria, School of Health Systems and Public Health, Pretoria, South Africa (GRID:grid.49697.35) (ISNI:0000 0001 2107 2298)
3 International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya (GRID:grid.419326.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1794 5158)
4 University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya (GRID:grid.10604.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2019 0495)
5 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool, UK (GRID:grid.48004.38) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9764); LSTM Research Unit at the Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon (GRID:grid.48004.38)
6 International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya (GRID:grid.419326.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1794 5158); University of Pretoria, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Pretoria, South Africa (GRID:grid.49697.35) (ISNI:0000 0001 2107 2298)